ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2016
Feasibility of Multiple Examinations Using (68)Ga-Labelled Collagelin Analogues: Organ Distribution in Rat for Extrapolation to Human Organ and Whole-Body Radiation Dosimetry.
Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Radiotracers for Imaging of Fibrosis: Advances during the Last Two Decades and Future Directions.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Radiotracers to Address Unmet Clinical Needs in Cardiovascular Imaging, Part 2: Inflammation, Fibrosis, Thrombosis, Calcification, and Amyloidosis Imaging.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2022Article
- Improved Radiolytic Stability of aPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Emerging imaging targets for infiltrative cardiomyopathy: Inflammation and fibrosis.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2019Review
- Prospective ofContrast media & molecular imaging · 2018Review
- Cardiac molecular imaging to track left ventricular remodeling in heart failure.Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesFibrosis is involved in many chronic diseases. It affects the functionality of vital organs, such as liver, lung, heart and kidney. Two novel imaging agents for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of fibrosis have previously pre-clinically demonstrated promising target binding and organ distribution characteristics. However, the relevant disease monitoring in the clinical setup would require multiple repetitive examinations per year. Thus, it is of paramount importance to investigate the absorbed doses and total effective doses and thus, the potential maximum number of examinations per year.
methodsTwo cyclic peptide (c[CPGRVMHGLHLGDDEGPC]) analogues coupled via an ethylene glycol linker (EG₂) to either 2-(4,7-bis(2-(tert-butoxy)-2-oxoethyl)-1,4,7-triazonan-1-yl)acetic acid (NO2A-Col) or 4-(4,7-bis(2-(tert-butoxy)-2-oxoethyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononan-1-yl)-5-(tert-butoxy)-5-oxopentanoic acid (NODAGA-Col) were labelled with (68)Ga. The resulting agents, [(68)Ga]Ga-NO2A-Col and [(68)Ga]Ga-NODAGA-Col, were administered in the tail vein of male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (N = 24). An ex vivo organ distribution study was performed at the 5-, 10-, 20-, 40-, 60- and 120-min time points. The resulting data were extrapolated for the estimation of human organ and total body absorbed and total effective doses using Organ Level Internal Dose Assessment Code software (OLINDA/EXM 1.1) assuming a similar organ distribution pattern between the species. Time-integrated radioactivity in each organ was calculated by trapezoidal integration followed by a single-exponential fit to the data points extrapolated to infinity. The resulting values were used for the residence time calculation.
resultsEx vivo organ distribution data revealed fast blood clearance and washout from most of the organs. Although the highest organ absorbed dose was found for kidneys (0.1 mGy/MBq), this organ was not the dose-limiting one and would allow for the administration of over 1460 MBq per year for both [(68)Ga]Ga-NO2A-Col and [(68)Ga]Ga-NODAGA-Col. The total effective dose was the limiting parameter with 0.0155/0.0156 (female/male) mSv/MBq and 0.0164/0.0158 (female/male) mSv/MBq, respectively, for [(68)Ga]Ga-NO2A-Col and [(68)Ga]Ga-NODAGA-Col. This corresponded to the total amount of radioactivity that could be administered per year of 643 and 621 MBq before reaching the annual limit of 10 mSv. Thus, up to six examinations would be possible. The residence time and organ absorbed doses in liver and spleen were higher for [(68)Ga]Ga-NODAGA-Col as compared to [(68)Ga]Ga-NO2A-Col.
conclusionThe limiting parameter for the administered dose was the total effective dose that would allow for at least six examinations per year that might be sufficient for adequate disease monitoring in longitudinal studies and a routine clinical setup.
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