Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27274758›Full record

ArticleImmunity & ageing : I & A2016

Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein, successful aging, and mortality: the PolSenior study.

Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka, Magdalena Owczarz, Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis, Pawel Nadrowski, Jerzy Chudek, Przemyslaw Slusarczyk, Anna Skalska, Marta Jonas, Edward Franek, Malgorzata Mossakowska

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Immunity & ageing : I & A, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 242 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
242citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

242 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  18. What Do We Know About Immune System Aging from Human and Animal Studies?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
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182 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Monika Puzianowska-KuźnickaDepartment of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland ; Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland.
Magdalena OwczarzDepartment of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland ; PolSenior Project, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
Katarzyna Wieczorowska-TobisDepartment of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-245 Poznan, Poland.
Pawel NadrowskiThird Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-635 Katowice, Poland.
Jerzy ChudekDepartment of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland ; Deparment of Internal Medicine and Oncological Chemotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-027 Katowice, Poland.
Przemyslaw SlusarczykPolSenior Project, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
Anna SkalskaDepartment of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-351 Cracow, Poland.
Marta JonasDepartment of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
Edward FranekDepartment of Human Epigenetics, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, 5 Pawinskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
Malgorzata MossakowskaPolSenior Project, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn the elderly, chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) is a risk factor for the development of aging-related diseases and frailty. Using data from several thousand Eastern Europeans aged 65 years and older, we investigated whether the serum levels of two proinflammatory factors, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), were associated with physical and cognitive performance, and could predict mortality in successfully aging elderly.

resultsIL-6 and CRP levels systematically increased in an age-dependent manner in the entire study group (IL-6: n = 3496 individuals, p < 0.001 and CRP: n = 3632, p = 0.003), and in the subgroup of successfully aging individuals who had never been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, type 2 diabetes, or cancer, and had a Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥24 and a Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) score ≥5 (IL-6: n = 1258, p < 0.001 and CRP: n = 1312, p < 0.001). In the subgroup of individuals suffering from aging-related diseases/disability, only IL-6 increased with age (IL-6: n = 2238, p < 0.001 and CRP: n = 2320, p = 0.249). IL-6 and CRP levels were lower in successfully aging individuals than in the remaining study participants (both p < 0.001). Higher IL-6 and CRP levels were associated with poorer physical performance (lower ADL score) and poorer cognitive performance (lower MMSE score) (both p < 0.001). This association remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, lipids, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and smoking status. Longer survival was associated with lower concentrations of IL-6 and CRP not only in individuals with aging-related diseases/disability (HR = 1.063 per each pg/mL, 95 % CI: 1.052-1.074, p < 0.001 and HR = 1.020 per each mg/L, 95 % CI: 1.015-1.025, p < 0.001, respectively) but also in the successfully aging subgroup (HR = 1.163 per each pg/mL, 95 % CI: 1.128-1.199, p < 0.001 and HR = 1.074 per each mg/L, 95 % CI: 1.047-1.100, p < 0.001, respectively). These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, lipids and smoking status. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed similar results (all p < 0.001).

conclusionsBoth IL-6 and CRP levels were good predictors of physical and cognitive performance and the risk of mortality in both the entire elderly population and in successfully aging individuals.

Indexed as

AgingHigh sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP)InflammagingInterleukin 6 (IL-6)Low-grade inflammationMortalitySuccessful agingThe Katz Activity of Daily Living (ADL)The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)

Identifiers

PMID27274758
PMCPMC4891873

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.