ArticleReproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2016
Involvement of oxidative stress in tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate-induced autophagy of mouse Leydig TM3 cells in vitro.
Article in Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of house dust-derived mixtures of organophosphate esters on Leydig cell phenotype, function, and lipidome†.Biology of reproduction · 2025Article
- The Role of Environmental Endocrine Disruptors on Leydig Cell Death and Senescen.The world journal of men's health · 2025Review
- DAPK3 is Essential for DBP-Induced Autophagy of Mouse Leydig Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Tanshinone IIA alleviates tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate-induced ovarian damage through Hippo signaling pathway activation in mice.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Cordycepin mitigates spermatogenic and redox related expression in HPharmaceutical biology · 2022Article
- High-content imaging analyses of the effects of bisphenols and organophosphate esters on TM4 mouse Sertoli cells†.Biology of reproduction · 2022Article
- PS-NPs Induced Neurotoxic Effects in SHSY-5Y Cells via Autophagy Activation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction.Brain sciences · 2022Article
- The Effects of Organophosphate Esters Used as Flame Retardants and Plasticizers on Granulosa, Leydig, and Spermatogonial Cells Analyzed Using High-Content Imaging.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2022Article
- Autophagy: a multifaceted player in the fate of sperm.Human reproduction update · 2022Review
- Role of Autophagy in Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Apoptosis of Mouse Ovarian Granulosa Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Melatonin Protects Neural Stem Cells Against Tri-Ortho-Cresyl Phosphate-Induced Autophagy.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2020Article
- Role of Autophagy in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Apoptosis of Mouse LEYDIG Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Effects of dimethyl carbonate-induced autophagic activation on follicular development in the mouse ovary.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs a plasticizer, plastic softener, and flame-retardant, tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) is and has been widely used in industry and reported to have a toxic effect on the male reproductive system in animals besides neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity. We have reported that TOCP inhibits spermatogenesis and induces autophagy of rat spermatogonial stem cells, but it is still unknown whether TOCP induces autophagy of mouse Leydig cells and its potential mechanism.
methodsCell viability was observed by MTT assay. Level of testosterone was measured by radioimmunoassay. Apoptosis was observed by AnnexinV-FITC/PI assay. The contents of LC3, Atg5-Atg12, and Beclin 1 were detected by Western blotting analysis. Autophagosomes were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The contents of MDA and GSH and the activities of SOD, GSH-PX, total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured by oxidative stress kits.
resultsThe present study shows that TOCP markedly inhibited viability and testosterone output of mouse Leydig TM3 cells but had no effect on apoptosis. However, TOCP significantly increased both LC3-II and the ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I and the contents of autophagy proteins Atg5 and Beclin 1. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that TOCP increased autophagic vacuoles of the cytoplasm, indicating that TOCP could induce autophagy of the cells. TOCP significantly induced oxidative stress of mouse Leydig TM3 cells. H2O2 also inhibited viability and induced autophagy of the cells; however, inhibition of oxidative stress by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) could rescue the inhibition of cell viability and induction of autophagy by TOCP.
conclusionsThe results show oxidative stress might be involved in TOCP-induced autophagy of mouse Leydig TM3 cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.