Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27267876›Full record

ArticleGlobalization and health2016

Addressing antimicrobial resistance in China: policy implementation in a complex context.

Li Wang, Xiulan Zhang, Xiaoyun Liang, Gerald Bloom

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Globalization and health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Li WangSchool of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Xiulan ZhangSchool of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Xiaoyun LiangSchool of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China. liangxiaoyun@bnu.edu.cn.
Gerald BloomSTEPS Centre, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9RE, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effectiveness of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections is decreasing in China because of the widespread development of resistant organisms. Although China has enacted a number of regulations to address this problem, but the impact is very limited. This paper investigates the implementation of these regulations through the lens of complex adaptive systems (CAS). It presents the findings from reviews of relevant policy documents and published papers. The paper identifies different types of agent and explores their interaction with regard to the use of antibiotics and their responses to changes of the regulations. It focuses particularly on the impact of perverse financial incentives on overall patterns of use of antibiotics. Implications for the possibilities of nonlinear results, interactive relationships, and new pathways of policy implementation are discussed. The paper concludes that policy-makers need to better understand the objectives, incentives and potential adaptive behaviors of the agents when they implement interventions to improve antibiotic use and reduce the risk of emergence of resistant organisms.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, MicrobialAnti-Bacterial AgentsChinaHealth PolicyHumansPractice Patterns, Physicians'Social Control, FormalAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibioticsAnti-microbial resistanceComplex adaptive systemGlobal public goodIncentiveRegulation

Identifiers

PMID27267876
PMCPMC4893878

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.