ArticleClinical radiology2016
Patterns of metastasis and recurrence in thymic epithelial tumours: longitudinal imaging review in correlation with histological subtypes.
Article in Clinical radiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Multiple lung metastases from typical type A thymoma after long-term follow-up: a case report.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2026Article
- Invasive thymoma with rapid response to cisplatin, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (PAC) chemotherapy, after an early postoperative recurrence-a case report.Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China) · 2026Article
- Solitary Hepatic Metastasis of Thymoma: A Case Report.Surgical case reports · 2026Article
- Genetic Characteristics of Disease Flare After Lenvatinib Discontinuation in Patients With Thymic Carcinoma: A Brief Report.JTO clinical and research reports · 2025Article
- Incremental diagnostic value of tumor habitat radiomics for risk stratification in thymic epithelial tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Histomorphological Spectrum and Diagnostic Challenges in Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms with their Prognostic Significance: A Case Series of 33 Cases at a Regional Cancer Center in Western India.South Asian journal of cancer · 2024Article
- Article
- Postoperative radiotherapy for thymic epithelial tumors: a narrative review.Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China) · 2024Review
- Thoracic Diseases: Technique and Applications of Dual-Energy CT.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Thymoma metastatic to the epidural thoracic spine.Surgical neurology international · 2023Article
- Promotor methylation status of MAPK4 is a novel epigenetic biomarker for prognosis of recurrence in patients with thymic epithelial tumors.Thoracic cancer · 2022Article
- Cutaneous Metastases from Thymic Carcinoma Primary Tumor: A Rare Case.International medical case reports journal · 2022Article
- Distinguishing between thymic carcinoma and lung carcinoma: a medical oncologist's perspective.Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China) · 2022Article
- Occult pleural dissemination detected intraoperatively in patients with thymic tumors: a retrospective analysis.Journal of cardiothoracic surgery · 2021Article
- Ruptured metastatic liver tumor secondary to a thymoma: a case report.Journal of surgical case reports · 2021Article
- Type A thymoma with simultaneous solitary intrapulmonary metastasis: A case report.Thoracic cancer · 2021Article
- LOXL1‑AS1 promotes thymoma and thymic carcinoma progression by regulating miR‑525‑5p‑Oncology reports · 2021Article
- Ectopic Cushing's Syndrome secondary to Recurrent Thymic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma with Bilateral Ovarian Metastases: A Case Report.Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies · 2021Article
- Budd-Chiari syndrome caused by latent hepatic metastasis from a thymoma.Respiratory medicine case reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo determine the patterns of metastasis and recurrence in thymic epithelial tumours based on longitudinal imaging studies, and to correlate the patterns with World Health Organization (WHO) histological classifications. MATERIALS AND
methodsSeventy-seven patients with histopathologically confirmed thymomas (n=62) and thymic carcinomas (n=15) who were followed with cross-sectional follow-up imaging after surgery were retrospectively studied. All cross-sectional imaging studies during the disease course were reviewed to identify metastasis or recurrence. The sites of involvement and the time of involvement measured from surgery were recorded.
resultsMetastasis or recurrence was noted in 24 (31%) of the 77 patients. Patients with metastasis or recurrence were significantly younger than those without (median age: 46 versus 60, respectively; p=0.0005), and more commonly had thymic carcinomas than thymomas (p=0.002). The most common site of involvement was the pleura (17/24), followed by the lung (9/24), and thoracic nodes (9/24). Abdominopelvic involvement was noted in 12 patients, most frequently in the liver (n=8). Lung metastasis was more common in thymic carcinomas than thymomas (p=0.0005). Time from surgery to the development of metastasis or recurrence was shortest in thymic carcinoma, followed by high-risk thymomas, and was longest in low-risk thymoma (median time in months: 25.1, 68.8, and not reached, respectively; p=0.0015).
conclusionsThe patterns of metastasis and recurrence of thymic epithelial tumours differ significantly across histological subgroups, with thymic carcinomas more commonly having metastasis with shorter length of time after surgery. The knowledge of different patterns of tumour spread may contribute to further understanding of the biological and clinical behaviours of these tumours.
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