ArticleBMC ophthalmology2016
Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma in Nigeria: results from the Nigeria National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of hypertension as a risk factor for open-angle glaucoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2021Pooled it
- The impact of obesity or overweight on the risk of glaucoma: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Determinants of blindness from glaucoma among patients receiving treatment: a retrospective cohort study in Enugu, Nigeria.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Determinants of late presentation of glaucoma in Hong Kong.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- Determinants of participation in glaucoma genomic research in South East Nigeria: A cross-sectional analytical study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Prevalence and clinical profile of glaucoma patients in rural Nigeria-A hospital based study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Comparing posture induced intraocular pressure variations in normal subjects and glaucoma patients.International journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Ocular blood flow as a clinical observation: Value, limitations and data analysis.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2020Article
- Article
- The Association between Adiposity and the Risk of Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of ophthalmology · 2017Review
- Comparison of Ocular Biomery in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Non-glaucoma in South West Nigeria.Journal of the West African College of SurgeonsArticle
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe glaucoma-specific blindness prevalence in Nigeria (0.7 %, 95 % CI 0.6-0.9 %) among those aged ≥40 years is one of the highest ever reported. This study determined the risk factors for open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in adults examined in the Nigeria National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey.
methodsA nationally representative sample of 13,591 people aged ≥40 years in 305 clusters in Nigeria were examined (response rate 90.4 %) between January 2005 to June 2007. Everyone had logMAR visual acuity measurement, Frequency Doubling Technology (FDT) visual field testing, autorefraction, A-scan biometry and optic disc assessment. Full ocular examination (n = 6397), included Goldmann applanation tonometry. Values for defining glaucoma using International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology criteria were derived from the study population. Disc images were graded by Moorfields Eye Hospital Reading Centre. Socio-demographic factors (age, gender, ethnicity, literacy and place of residence), ocular parameters (intraocular pressure [IOP], axial length and mean ocular perfusion pressure [MOPP]) and systemic parameters (blood pressure, blood glucose and body mass index [BMI]) were assessed for association with OAG.
resultsThirteen thousand eighty-one (96 %) of 13,591 participants had vertical cup:disc ratio measured in at least one eye. 682 eyes of 462 participants were classified as OAG, with 12,738 controls. In univariate analyses the following were associated with OAG: increasing age, male gender, Igbo and Yoruba ethnic groups, illiteracy, longer axial length, higher IOP, lower MOPP, greater severity of hypertension and low BMI (underweight). In multivariate analysis, increasing age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95 % CI 1.03-1.05), higher IOP (OR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.18-1.25) and Igbo ethnicity (OR 1.73, 95 % CI 1.18-2.56) were independent risk factors for OAG.
conclusionCase detection strategies for OAG should be improved for those aged ≥40 years and for ethnic groups most at risk as a public health intervention.
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