ArticleWorld psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)2016
The CHANGE trial: no superiority of lifestyle coaching plus care coordination plus treatment as usual compared to treatment as usual alone in reducing risk of cardiovascular disease in adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and abdominal obesity.
Article in World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the effectiveness of physical health check interventions for people with severe mental illness: a systematic review of qualitative and quantitative evidence.BMC health services research · 2026Pooled it
- Development of the Health Coaching Quality Index: A Proposed Method for Evaluating Health Coaching Interventions.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Systematic review of lifestyle interventions to improve weight, physical activity and diet among people with a mental health condition.Systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Patient-reported outcomes of lifestyle interventions in patients with severe mental illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Organization of Community Mental Health Services for Persons with a Severe Mental Illness and Comorbid Somatic Conditions: A Systematic Review on Somatic Outcomes and Health Related Quality of Life.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Determinants of Physical Health Self-Management Behaviours in Adults With Serious Mental Illness: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Reversibility of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review of interventions aimed at improving the cardiovascular health of people diagnosed with personality disorders.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Effect of Clinical Decision Support on Cardiovascular Risk Among Adults With Bipolar Disorder, Schizoaffective Disorder, or Schizophrenia: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- How to improve the physical health of people with severe mental illness? A multicentric randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of a lifestyle group intervention.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2021Trial
- Effect of a Comprehensive Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Intervention in Persons With Serious Mental Illness: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2020Trial
- Multimodal lifestyle intervention using a web-based tool to improve cardiometabolic health in patients with serious mental illness: results of a cluster randomized controlled trial (LION).BMC psychiatry · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Increasing physical activity and healthy diet in outpatients with mental disorders: a randomized-controlled evaluation of two psychological interventions.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2019Trial
- Structured lifestyle education for people with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and first-episode psychosis (STEPWISE): randomised controlled trial.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2019Trial
- Using motivational techniques to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors in long term psychiatric inpatients: a naturalistic interventional study.BMC psychiatry · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Randomised controlled trial to improve health and reduce substance use in established psychosis (IMPaCT): cost-effectiveness of integrated psychosocial health promotion.BMC psychiatry · 2017Trial
- Trial
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Life expectancy in patients with schizophrenia is reduced by 20 years for men and 15 years for women compared to the general population. About 60% of the excess mortality is due to physical illnesses, with cardiovascular disease being dominant. CHANGE was a randomized, parallel-group, superiority, multi-centre trial with blinded outcome assessment, testing the efficacy of an intervention aimed to improve cardiovascular risk profile and hereby potentially reduce mortality. A total of 428 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and abdominal obesity were recruited and centrally randomized 1:1:1 to 12 months of lifestyle coaching plus care coordination plus treatment as usual (N=138), or care coordination plus treatment as usual (N=142), or treatment as usual alone (N=148). The primary outcome was 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease assessed post-treatment and standardized to age 60. At follow-up, the mean 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease was 8.4 ± 6.7% in the group receiving lifestyle coaching, 8.5 ± 7.5% in the care coordination group, and 8.0 ± 6.5% in the treatment as usual group (p=0.41). We found no intervention effects for any secondary or exploratory outcomes, including cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, weight, diet and smoking. In conclusion, the CHANGE trial did not support superiority of individual lifestyle coaching or care coordination compared to treatment as usual in reducing cardiovascular risk in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and abdominal obesity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.