ArticleScientific reports2016
Lethal exposure: An integrated approach to pathogen transmission via environmental reservoirs.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating Bacillus anthracis genomic diversity and trait-specific lineages in an endemic area in northern Tanzania through a combination of traditional and culture-free sequencing approaches.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Modeling the impact of anthrax vaccination on buffalo outbreak dynamics in northern Vietnam.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Host Prior Exposure Augments Gene Expression Heterogeneity of Both Host and Pathogen During In Vivo Infection.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- InvestigatingbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae clone reemergence in association with a multi-year mass mortality event in high Arctic muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Host prior exposure augments heterogeneity in gene expression in both host and pathogen duringbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Temperature and pH dynamics during carcass decomposition and implications for disease management.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The two costs of neglect: evaluating the health and economic impacts of anthrax in an endemic area of rural Africa.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Anthrax, livelihood vulnerability, and food insecurity in selected game management areas in Zambia: A mixed-methods analysis at the human-wildlife-livestock interface.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Prion forensics: a multidisciplinary approach to investigate CWD at an illegal deer carcass disposal site.Prion · 2024Article
- The use of haystacks by wolves may facilitate the transmission of sarcoptic mange.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Soil Sample Analysis ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Comprehensive Spatial-Temporal and Risk Factor Insights for Optimizing Livestock Anthrax Vaccination Strategies in Karnataka, India.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Modelling climate change impacts on the spatial distribution of anthrax in Zimbabwe.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Season of death, pathogen persistence and wildlife behaviour alter number of anthrax secondary infections from environmental reservoirs.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Roles of host and environment in shift of primary anthrax host species in Kruger National Park.PloS one · 2024Article
- One Health Assessment ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Variation in herbivore space use: comparing two savanna ecosystems with different anthrax outbreak patterns in southern Africa.Movement ecology · 2023Article
- A framework for integrating inferred movement behavior into disease risk models.Movement ecology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To mitigate the effects of zoonotic diseases on human and animal populations, it is critical to understand what factors alter transmission dynamics. Here we assess the risk of exposure to lethal concentrations of the anthrax bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, for grazing animals in a natural system over time through different transmission mechanisms. We follow pathogen concentrations at anthrax carcass sites and waterholes for five years and estimate infection risk as a function of grass, soil or water intake, age of carcass sites, and the exposure required for a lethal infection. Grazing, not drinking, seems the dominant transmission route, and transmission is more probable from grazing at carcass sites 1-2 years of age. Unlike most studies of virulent pathogens that are conducted under controlled conditions for extrapolation to real situations, we evaluate exposure risk under field conditions to estimate the probability of a lethal dose, showing that not all reservoirs with detectable pathogens are significant transmission pathways.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.