Trial reportThe Lancet. Haematology2016
Red-blood-cell alloimmunisation in relation to antigens' exposure and their immunogenicity: a cohort study.
Trial report in The Lancet. Haematology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Quantifying red blood cell compatibility beyond ABO and RhD: a recipient-centered model for matching, allocation, and inventory curation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Blood Donor RBC Genotyping at the National Advisory Unit on Immunohematology at Oslo University Hospital.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- Research progress in RBC alloimmunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A genome-wide association study of alloimmunization in the TOPMed OMG-SCD cohort identifies a locus on chromosome 12.Transfusion · 2024Article
- Transfusion of ever-pregnant donor red blood cells and mortality of male patients.Haematologica · 2024Article
- A machine-learning method for biobank-scale genetic prediction of blood group antigens.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of post-transfusion RBC alloimmunization in dogs using a gel-column crossmatch with and without anti-canine globulin enhancement.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2024Article
- Eleven years of alloimmunization in 6496 patients with sickle cell disease in France who received transfusion.Blood advances · 2023Article
- Defining Current Patterns of Blood Product Use during Intensive Induction Chemotherapy in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2023Article
- Study of the Frequency and Specificity of Red Cell Antibodies in Patients with Hemoglobinopathies.Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2023Article
- When the available blood supply mismatches the needs of the patient.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2023Article
- Investigation of variables affecting the immunogenicity of blood group antigens using a calculation formula.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A clinical effect of disease-modifying treatment on alloimmunisation in transfused patients with myelodysplastic syndromes: data from a population-based study.Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2022Observational
- Comparison of Different Blood Transfusion Methods in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- ABO and Rh Antigen Distribution Among Pregnant Women in South Western Uganda.Journal of blood medicine · 2022Article
- The effect of extended c, E and K matching in females under 45 years of age on the incidence of transfusion-induced red blood cell alloimmunisation.British journal of haematology · 2021Article
- Laboratory Monitoring of Mother, Fetus, and Newborn in Hemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMatching donor red blood cells based on recipient antigens prevents alloimmunisation. Knowledge about the immunogenicity of red-blood-cell antigens can help optimise risk-adapted matching strategies. We set out to assess the immunogenicity of red-blood-cell antigens.
methodsIn an incident new-user cohort of previously non-transfused, non-alloimmunised white patients receiving non-extended matched red-blood-cell transfusions in six Dutch hospitals between 2006 and 2013, we determined the cumulative number of mismatched red-blood-cell units per patient. We used multiple imputation to address missing antigen data. Using Kaplan-Meier analysis, we estimated cumulative alloimmunisation incidences per mismatched antigen dose as a measure of immunogenicity.
findingsOf 54 347 patients assessed, 21 512 were included in our study. Alloantibodies occurred in 474 (2·2%) of all transfused patients, with cumulative alloimmunisation incidences increasing up to 7·7% (95% CI 4·9-11·2) after 40 units received. The antigens C, c, E, K, and Jk(a) were responsible for 78% of all alloimmunisations in our cohort. K, E, and C(w) were the most immunogenic antigens (cumulative immunisation incidences after 2 mismatched units of 2·3% [95% CI 1·0-4·8] for K, 1·5% [0·6-3·0] for E, and 1·2% [0·0-10·8] for C(w)). These antigens were 8·7 times (for K), 5·4 times (for E), and 4·6 times (for C(w)) as immunogenic as Fy(a). The next most immunogenic antigens were, in order, e (1·9 times as immunogenic as Fy(a)), Jk(a) (1·9 times), and c (1·6 times).
interpretationRed-blood-cell antigens vary in their potency to evoke a humoral immune response. Our findings highlight that donor-recipient red-blood-cell matching strategies will be most efficient when primarily focusing on prevention of C, c, E, K, and Jk(a) alloimmunisation. Matching for Fy(a) is of lower clinical relevance. Variations of antigen frequencies determined by ethnic background prevent extrapolating these conclusions to non-white populations.
fundingNone.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.