Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27260426›Full record

ReviewProgress in retinal and eye research2016

Molecular basis for photoreceptor outer segment architecture.

Andrew F X Goldberg, Orson L Moritz, David S Williams

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Progress in retinal and eye research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
123citing papers in PubMed
9.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

123 citing papers in PubMed, 192 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Ciliary Defects in Inherited Retinal Diseases.Advanced genetics (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Ciliary ARL13B Is Essential for Vision and Morphogenesis of Cone Outer Segments.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Role of RPE Phagocytosis in the Retina Metabolic Ecosystem.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Photoreceptor-Like Signal Transduction Between Polymer-Based Protocells.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Andrew F X GoldbergEye Research Institute, Oakland University, 417 Dodge Hall, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA. Electronic address: goldberg@oakland.edu.
Orson L MoritzDepartment of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
David S WilliamsDepartment of Ophthalmology and Jules Stein Eye Institute, Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Oakland University · USUniversity of British Columbia · CAUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

Vision Research Core at UCLAP30EY000331 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Xian-Jie Yang · 1985 to 2026
$16.8M
The Photoreceptor CiliumR01EY013408 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SAN DIEGO · PI WILLIAMS, DAVID S · 2001 to 2017
$3.8M
Molecular Basis of Rod and Cone Photoreceptor Outer Segment StructuresR01EY025291 · NEI · OAKLAND UNIVERSITY · PI GOLDBERG, ANDREW FX · 2016 to 2025
$3.5M
PERIPHERIN/RDS IN PHOTORECEPTOR RENEWAL AND DISEASER01EY013246 · NEI · OAKLAND UNIVERSITY · PI GOLDBERG, ANDREW FX · 2001 to 2014
$3.5M
Photoreceptor disk membrane morphogenesisR01EY024667 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI FISHER, STEVEN K, WILLIAMS, DAVID S · 2015 to 2018
$1.5M
CIHR MOP-64400NEI NIH HHS P30 EY000331NEI NIH HHS R01 EY013246NEI NIH HHS R01 EY013408NEI NIH HHS R01 EY024667NEI NIH HHS R01 EY025291
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

To serve vision, vertebrate rod and cone photoreceptors must detect photons, convert the light stimuli into cellular signals, and then convey the encoded information to downstream neurons. Rods and cones are sensory neurons that each rely on specialized ciliary organelles to detect light. These organelles, called outer segments, possess elaborate architectures that include many hundreds of light-sensitive membranous disks arrayed one atop another in precise register. These stacked disks capture light and initiate the chain of molecular and cellular events that underlie normal vision. Outer segment organization is challenged by an inherently dynamic nature; these organelles are subject to a renewal process that replaces a significant fraction of their disks (up to ∼10%) on a daily basis. In addition, a broad range of environmental and genetic insults can disrupt outer segment morphology to impair photoreceptor function and viability. In this chapter, we survey the major progress that has been made for understanding the molecular basis of outer segment architecture. We also discuss key aspects of organelle lipid and protein composition, and highlight distributions, interactions, and potential structural functions of key OS-resident molecules, including: kinesin-2, actin, RP1, prominin-1, protocadherin 21, peripherin-2/rds, rom-1, glutamic acid-rich proteins, and rhodopsin. Finally, we identify key knowledge gaps and challenges that remain for understanding how normal outer segment architecture is established and maintained.

Indexed as

AnimalsHumansNerve Tissue ProteinsRhodopsinRod Cell Outer SegmentNerve Tissue ProteinsRhodopsinCiliaMembrane curvatureOuter segmentPhotoreceptorRetinal degenerationTetraspanin

Identifiers

PMID27260426
PMCPMC5112118
OpenAlexW2409327750

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.