ArticleToxins2016
Sequence Variability in Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Genes seb, sec, and sed.
Article in Toxins, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Qualitative assessment of virulence and resistance gene transcripts in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from buffalo milk and dairy products.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Phylogenomic analysis of a methicillin-resistantMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Do We Need to Worry About Staphylococcus epidermidis ST0409KOC, a Cheese-Isolated Strain With Bacteriocinogenic Properties?Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Detection Methods forToxins · 2025Review
- Highly Sensitive Suspension Immunoassay for Multiplex Detection, Differentiation, and Quantification of EightToxins · 2025Article
- Zoonotic transmission of asymptomatic carriageMicrobial genomics · 2024Article
- Detection of virulence genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw beef for retail sale in the markets of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia.BMC microbiology · 2023Article
- Sampling and Characterization of Bioaerosols in Poultry Houses.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
- Distribution of Virulence Factors and Resistance Determinants in Three Genotypes ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Whole Genome Sequencing Provides an Added Value to the Investigation of Staphylococcal Food Poisoning Outbreaks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Review
- Intact Staphylococcus Enterotoxin SEB from Culture Supernatant Detected by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.Toxins · 2019Article
- Survey of Staphylococcus aureus in a general pediatric population and focus on isolates with three clinically relevant toxin-encoding genes.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2018Article
- Basis of Virulence in Enterotoxin-Mediated Staphylococcal Food Poisoning.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Insight Into the Distribution of Staphylococci and Their Enterotoxins in Cheeses Under Natural Conditions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ingestion of staphylococcal enterotoxins preformed by Staphylococcus aureus in food leads to staphylococcal food poisoning, the most prevalent foodborne intoxication worldwide. There are five major staphylococcal enterotoxins: SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, and SEE. While variants of these toxins have been described and were linked to specific hosts or levels or enterotoxin production, data on sequence variation is still limited. In this study, we aim to extend the knowledge on promoter and gene variants of the major enterotoxins SEB, SEC, and SED. To this end, we determined seb, sec, and sed promoter and gene sequences of a well-characterized set of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus strains originating from foodborne outbreaks, human infections, human nasal colonization, rabbits, and cattle. New nucleotide sequence variants were detected for all three enterotoxins and a novel amino acid sequence variant of SED was detected in a strain associated with human nasal colonization. While the seb promoter and gene sequences exhibited a high degree of variability, the sec and sed promoter and gene were more conserved. Interestingly, a truncated variant of sed was detected in all tested sed harboring rabbit strains. The generated data represents a further step towards improved understanding of strain-specific differences in enterotoxin expression and host-specific variation in enterotoxin sequences.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.