Trial reportInternational journal of environmental research and public health2016
Tracking Restoration of Park and Urban Street Settings in Coronary Artery Disease Patients.
Trial report in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04324203 (The Effectiveness of 3DVR Horticultural Therapy on Older Adults' Physical and Mental Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effectiveness of 3DVR Horticultural Therapy on Older Adults' Physical and Mental Health
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The effectiveness of nature-based interventions on mental health: A systematic review.Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2026Pooled it
- Investigation of Epistemic Equity in Urban Green Space and Mental Health Research: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Does Forest Therapy Have Physio-Psychological Benefits? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- What Activities in Forests Are Beneficial for Human Health? A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of park-based interventions on health-related outcomes: A systematic review.Preventive medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of Exposure to Natural and Built Environments on Positive and Negative Affect: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2021Pooled it
- Green spaces and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2019Pooled it
- Psycho-Physiological Stress Recovery in Outdoor Nature-Based Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Past Eight Years of Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Examining the Effects of Viewing Nature and Animal Smartphone Wallpapers on Affect, Behaviour, and Cognition: A Randomised Cross-Over Trial.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Is forest bathing a panacea for mental health problems? A narrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Greenspaces and Health: Scoping Review of studies in Europe.Public health reviews · 2024Article
- Development and validation of the perceived restorative soundscape scale for children.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- How Much Did Urban Park Use Change under the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Comparative Study of Summertime Park Use in 2019 and 2020 in Edinburgh, Scotland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Features of urban green spaces associated with positive emotions, mindfulness and relaxation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Joint associations between neighborhood walkability, greenness, and particulate air pollution on cardiovascular mortality among adults with a history of stroke or acute myocardial infarction.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2022Article
- Greenspace, Inflammation, Cardiovascular Health, and Cancer: A Review and Conceptual Framework for Greenspace in Cardio-Oncology Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- The Effects of Urban Green Space on Depressive Symptoms of Mid-Aged and Elderly Urban Residents in China: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Use of Urban Residential Community Parks for Stress Management During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period in China.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Polygenic risk for coronary artery disease in the Scottish and English population.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledThe physiological effects of natural and urban environments on the cardiovascular system of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients are not fully understood. This controlled field study examines the effects of restorative walking in a park vs. in an urban street environment on CAD patients' stress parameters and cardiac function.
methodsTwenty stable CAD patients were randomly allocated to 7 days controlled walking in a city park or in an urban street environment group. The relationship between different environmental exposures and health effects was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test and exact Mann-Whitney U test.
resultsThe mean reduction in cortisol levels and negative effects after the walk on the first day was greater in the city park than in the urban street exposed group, while a reduction in negative effects in the urban group were greater after seven days. The reduction in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the park group was evident on the seventh day before the walk (-4 mm Hg, p = 0.031) and 60 min after the walk (-6.00 mm Hg, p = 0.002). The cortisol slope was negatively associated with the DBP changes (r = -0.514, p < 0.05).
conclusionsPhysical activity in a green environment with noise and air pollution levels lower than in an urban environment has a greater positive effect on CAD patients' stress level and hemodynamic parameters. Mitigating green environmental influences may allow urban residents to maintain health and reduce disability.
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