Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27257384›Full record

ArticleSubstance abuse : research and treatment2015

Substance Use Disorder in Early Midlife: A National Prospective Study on Health and Well-Being Correlates and Long-Term Predictors.

John E Schulenberg, Megan E Patrick, Deborah D Kloska, Julie Maslowsky, Jennifer L Maggs, Patrick M O'Malley

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Substance abuse : research and treatment, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
60citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse in early midlife.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025
    Article
  10. John Schulenberg as a developmental scholar and mentor: Personal reflections.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

John E SchulenbergInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.; Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Megan E PatrickInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Deborah D KloskaInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Julie MaslowskyDepartment of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Jennifer L MaggsHuman Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Patrick M O'MalleyInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USPennsylvania State University · USThe University of Texas at Austin · US

Funding

Monitoring the Future: Drug Use & Lifestyles of American Youth (Supp1: Nicotine Pouch and E-cigarette Use Among US Adolescents: National Estimates of Brand Use and Flavor Preferences)R01DA001411 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Richard A Miech · 1985 to 2026
$144.9M
Monitoring the Future: A Cohort-Sequential Panel Study of Drug Use, Ages 19-65 - Diversity Supplement (Solberg)R01DA016575 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Megan E. Patrick · 2003 to 2026
$44.6M
Population Research CenterR24HD042849 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AUSTIN · PI HAYWARD, MARK D. · 2002 to 2016
$8.4M
Dynamic Links Between Risk Factors, Substance Use, and Consequences: Ages 18-35R01DA037902 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI PATRICK, MEGAN E. · 2015 to 2018
$1.5M
NICHD NIH HHS R24 HD042849NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA001411NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA016575NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA037902
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study used national multicohort panel data from the Monitoring the Future study (N = 25,536 from senior year classes 1977-1997 followed up to the age of 35 years in 1994-2014) to examine how early midlife (age 35 years) alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD) are associated with adolescent and adult sociodemographics and health and well-being risk factors. Survey items adapted from DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were used to identify individuals who (a) showed symptoms consistent with criteria for AUD or CUD at age 35 years, (b) used the substance without qualifying for a disorder (nondisordered users), and (c) abstained from using alcohol or marijuana during the past five years. At age 35 years, the estimated prevalence of past five-year AUD was 28.0%, and that of CUD was 6.1%. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to identify variations in the relative risk of disorder symptoms as a function of sociodemographic characteristics, age 18 educational and social indices and substance use, and age 35 health and satisfaction indices and substance use. In the full models, age 18 binge drinking and marijuana use were found to be among the strongest predictors of age 35 AUD and CUD, respectively. Among age 35 health and well-being indicators, lower overall health, more frequent cognitive difficulties, and lower satisfaction with spouse/partner were consistently associated with greater risks of AUD and CUD. Some evidence was found for a J-shaped association between age 35 AUD or CUD status and health and well-being indices, such that nondisordered users were sometimes better off than both abstainers and those experiencing disorder. Finally, nondisordered cannabis use, but not CUD, was found to be more common in more recent cohorts. Implications are discussed regarding the importance of placing early midlife substance use disorder within the context of both adolescent substance use and adult health and well-being.

Indexed as

alcohol use disordercannabis use disorderhealth and well beingJ-shaped associationlongitudinal

Identifiers

PMID27257384
PMCPMC4881872
OpenAlexW2400775905

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.