ArticleOncotarget2016
Medicinal herbs Fructus corni and Semen cuscutae suppress allograft rejection via distinct immune mechanisms.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Integrated Approach for Efficient and Accurate Medicinal Cuscutae Semen Identification.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Nephroprotective Role of Zhibai Dihuang Wan in Aristolochic Acid-Intoxicated Zebrafish.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Semen Cuscutae Administration Improves Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Adiposity in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Review
- The effects of herbal medicine on epilepsy.Oncotarget · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Achieving long-term allograft survival without continuous global immunosuppression is highly desirable because constant immunosuppression causes severe side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been utilized to treat numerous diseases for centuries. To seek novel immunosuppressive agents, we investigated several Chinese herbal formulas that have been shown to be effective in treating autoimmune diseases. C57BL/6 mice were transplanted with a skin graft from Balb/C donors and treated orally with the TCM. IL-12-expressing dendritic cells and CD4+FoxP3+ Tregs were quantified by flow cytometer while intragraft IL-12 gene expression was measured by real-time PCR. Here we identified a unique TCM, San Si formula, which contains three herbs: Fructus corni (FC), Fructus ligustri lucidi (FLL) and Semen cuscutae (SC). We found that either SC or FC, but not FLL, significantly prolonged skin allograft survival while SC plus FC or San Si formula further delayed allograft rejection compared to SC or FC alone. SC and FC, which did not contain cyclosporine and rapamycin, reduced graft-infiltrating T cells and suppressed their proliferation. Importantly, it was SC, but not FC, that induced CD4+FoxP3+ Tregs in recipients. Tregs induced by SC were also more potent in suppression. In contrast, FC repressed both intracellular IL-12 expression by intragraft DCs and IFNγ expression by graft-infiltrating T cells. Moreover, FC inhibited intragraft IL-12 gene expression. Depleting Tregs and providing exogenous IL-12 completely reversed allograft survival induced by SC plus FC. Thus, SC and FC synergistically suppress allograft rejection via distinct mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.