SynthesisEye (London, England)2016
Associations of retinal artery occlusion and retinal vein occlusion to mortality, stroke, and myocardial infarction: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Eye (London, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Migraine as a risk factor for retinal vascular events and maculopathies: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 million individuals.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Associations between psychiatric disorders and medication use, and retinal occlusion: a large-scale retrospective cohort study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Risk of Retinal Vascular Occlusive Disease According to Type and Low-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Control after Acute Coronary Syndrome.Yonsei medical journal · 2026Article
- Optimal Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusion: An Updated Canadian Review and Recommendations.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Quantification of intermittent retinal capillary perfusion in retinal vein occlusion and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Remote Monitoring of Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusions Treated with Anti-VEGF: A Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The role of triglyceride-glucose index in central retinal artery occlusion.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Is retinal vein occlusion highly associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction? A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2024Review
- Retinal Microvascular Changes in Association with Endothelial Glycocalyx Damage and Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Cross-Sectional Study.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of retinal vascular parameters and their association with diseases.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Risk of Stroke, Myocardial Infarction, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism, and Death After Retinal Vein Occlusion.American journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Eyes and the heart: what a clinician should know.Heart (British Cardiac Society) · 2023Review
- Analysis of the Association between Retinal Artery Occlusion and Acute Ischaemic Stroke/ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Risk Factors in Hungarian Patients.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Genome-wide Association Studies of Retinal Vessel Tortuosity Identify Numerous Novel Loci Revealing Genes and Pathways Associated With Ocular and Cardiometabolic Diseases.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- A Datasheet for the INSIGHT University Hospitals Birmingham Retinal Vein Occlusion Data Set.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- Similarities and differences in systemic risk factors for retinal artery occlusion and retinal vein occlusion: A nationwide case-control study.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Retinal vein occlusion is associated with stroke independent of underlying cardiovascular disease.Eye (London, England) · 2023Article
- Incidence of Retinal Artery Occlusion and Related Mortality in Korea, 2005 to 2018.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Deep Learning in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Current Progress, Challenges, and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retinal vascular events are perceived to be related to various cardiovascular complications. We conducted a systematic review to assess the relationship between retinal artery/vein occlusions (RAO/RVO) and the incidence of mortality, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI). A comprehensive electronic literature search selected 93 relevant studies between 1992-2015: 16 articles qualified for inclusion (7 for mortality rate and MI, 11 for stroke). No published articles examined associations of RAO to mortality or MI, but only to stroke. Because of the heterogeneity of studies, no meta-analysis was performed. The association with mortality risk was highest at ~34.7% in RVO subgroup; whereas for MI, the risk was comparatively lower at 3.9-5.7% for RVO. There was no significant difference in stroke rate when comparing central and branch RVO subgroups (6.5%), but was significantly higher at 19.6-25% in RAO. There is a positive association of retinal vascular events to mortality, stroke, and MI. RAO is associated with a higher risk of stroke. Given that RAO and RVO patients would generally present to ophthalmologists, their high cardiovascular risk should include a referral for cardiovascular assessment as part of their management protocol.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.