ArticleJournal of translational medicine2016
Development and validation of a classification and scoring system for the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinomas through confocal laser endomicroscopy.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy for the Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy for optical biopsy of basal cell carcinoma of the auricle.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2026Article
- Application of confocal laser endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of peripheral pulmonary lesions: a narrative review.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Review
- Characterization of irradiated mucosa using confocal laser endomicroscopy in the upper aerodigestive tract.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Oral mucosa - an examination map for confocal laser endomicroscopy within the oral cavity: an experimental clinical study.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Intravital longitudinal cellular visualization of oral mucosa in a murine model based on rotatory side-view confocal endomicroscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- Validity of tissue homogeneity in confocal laser endomicroscopy on the diagnosis of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2022Article
- Systematic interpretation of confocal laser endomicroscopy: larynx and pharynx confocal imaging score.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2022Article
- Intraoperative confocal laser endomicroscopy for brain tumors - potential and challenges from a neuropathological perspective.Free neuropathology · 2022Article
- Intraoperative free margins assessment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with confocal laser endomicroscopy: a pilot study.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2021Article
- SAGES TAVAC safety and efficacy analysis confocal laser endomicroscopy.Surgical endoscopy · 2021Review
- Optical diagnosis of oral cavity lesions by label-free Raman spectroscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2021Article
- Fluorescein-Guided Panendoscopy for Head and Neck Cancer Using Handheld Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: A Pilot Study.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Current evidence on confocal laser endomicroscopy for noninvasive head and neck cancer imaging.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2020Article
- Algorithm to quantify nuclear features and confidence intervals for classification of oral neoplasia from high-resolution optical images.Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) · 2020Article
- Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in detecting malignant lesions of vocal folds.Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica : organo ufficiale della Societa italiana di otorinolaringologia e chirurgia cervico-facciale · 2019Article
- Deep learning-based detection of motion artifacts in probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy images.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2019Article
- Visualization of macrophage recruitment in head and neck carcinoma model using fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2018Article
- Automatic Classification of Cancerous Tissue in Laserendomicroscopy Images of the Oral Cavity using Deep Learning.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Handheld tunable focus confocal microscope utilizing a double-clad fiber coupler for in vivo imaging of oral epithelium.Journal of biomedical optics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundConfocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an optical biopsy method allowing in vivo microscopic imaging at 1000-fold magnification. It was the aim to evaluate CLE in the human oral cavity for the differentiation of physiological/carcinomatous mucosa and to establish and validate, for the first time, a scoring system to facilitate CLE assessment.
methodsThe study consisted of 4 phases: (1) CLE-imaging (in vivo) was performed after the intravenous injection of fluorescein in patients with histologically confirmed carcinomatous oral mucosa; (2) CLE-experts (n = 3) verified the applicability of CLE in the oral cavity for the differentiation between physiological and cancerous tissue compared to the gold standard of histopathological assessment; (3) based on specific patterns of tissue changes, CLE-experts (n = 3) developed a classification and scoring system (DOC-Score) to simplify the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinomas; (4) validation of the newly developed DOC-Score by non-CLE-experts (n = 3); final statistical evaluation of their classification performance (comparison to the results of CLE-experts and the histopathological analyses).
resultsExperts acquired and edited 45 sequences (260 s) of physiological and 50 sequences (518 s) of carcinomatous mucosa (total: 95 sequences/778 s). All sequences were evaluated independently by experts and non-experts (based on the newly proposed classification system). Sensitivity (0.953) and specificity (0.889) of the diagnoses by experts as well as sensitivity (0.973) and specificity (0.881) of the non-expert ratings correlated well with the results of the present gold standard of tissue histopathology. Experts had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.905 and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.945. Non-experts reached a PPV of 0.901 and a NPV of 0.967 with the help of the DOC-Score. Inter-rater reliability (Fleiss` kappa) was 0.73 for experts and 0.814 for non-experts. The intra-rater reliability (Cronbach's alpha) of the experts was 0.989 and 0.884 for non-experts.
conclusionsCLE is a suitable and valid method for experts to diagnose oral cancer. Using the DOC-Score system, an accurate chair-side diagnosis of oral cancer is feasible with comparable results to the gold standard of histopathology-even in daily clinical practice for non-experienced raters.
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