ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2016
Racial disparities in individual breast cancer outcomes by hormone-receptor subtype, area-level socio-economic status and healthcare resources.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial Differences in Breast Cancer Survival Between Black and White Women According to Tumor Subtype: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Pooled it
- HER2-low prevalence among Hispanic/Latino women with breast cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Disparities in Surgical Access: A Systematic Literature Review, Conceptual Model, and Evidence Map.Journal of the American College of Surgeons · 2019Pooled it
- Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer treated with pertuzumab or placebo in addition to trastuzumab and docetaxel: a retrospective analysis of the CLEOPATRA study.The Lancet. Oncology · 2017Trial
- Examining the Role of the Social Vulnerability Index in the Association between Race/Ethnicity and Breast Cancer Outcomes.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Social Drivers of Guideline-Discordant Breast Cancer Screening by Age and Mortality Risk.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Worse Clinical and Survival Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients Living in Puerto Rico Compared to Hispanics, Non-Hispanic Blacks, and Non-Hispanic Whites from Florida.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Tumor biology and access to care and metastatic breast cancer outcomes.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- County-level socioeconomic status, rurality, and second primary cancer risk among breast cancer survivors in the United States.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Creation and Characterization of a Breast Cancer Tissue Microarray Including Black and White Patients from Florida and Hispanic Patients from Puerto Rico and Florida.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
- Survival trends of patients with metaplastic breast carcinoma with different hormone receptor statuses: a SEER-based retrospective cohort study.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Genomic and Socioeconomic Determinants of Racial Disparities in Breast Cancer Survival: Insights from the All of Us Program.Cancers · 2024Article
- Examining inequities associated with incarceration among breast cancer patients.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Understanding mechanisms of racial disparities in breast cancer: an assessment of screening and regular care in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Article
- Patterns of Physical Activity and the Role of Obesity and Comorbidities Among Long-term African American Breast Cancer Survivors.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2023Article
- Advancing health equity through implementation science: Identifying and examining measures of the outer setting.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- Identification of metabolic pathways contributing to ERScientific reports · 2023Article
- Sustained Shugoshin 1 downregulation reduces tumor growth and metastasis in a mouse xenograft tumor model of triple-negative breast cancer.Cell division · 2023Article
- Exploring the intersectionality of race/ethnicity with rurality on breast cancer outcomes: SEER analysis, 2000-2016.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2023Article
- Reduced racial disparity in receipt of optimal locoregional treatment for women with early-stage breast cancer.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of the study is to determine the influence of area-level socio-economic status and healthcare access in addition to tumor hormone-receptor subtype on individual breast cancer stage, treatment, and mortality among Non-Hispanic (NH)-Black, NH-White, and Hispanic US adults. Analysis was based on 456,217 breast cancer patients in the SEER database from 2000 to 2010. Multilevel and multivariable-adjusted logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was conducted to account for clustering by SEER registry of diagnosis. NH-Black women had greater area-level access to healthcare resources compared with women of other races. For instance, the average numbers of oncology hospitals per million population in counties with NH-Black, NH-White, and Hispanic women were 8.1, 7.7, and 5.0 respectively; average numbers of medical doctors per million in counties with NH-Black, NH-White, and Hispanic women were 100.7, 854.0, and 866.3 respectively; and average number of Ob/Gyn in counties with NH-Black, NH-White, and Hispanic women was 155.6, 127.4, and 127.3, respectively (all p values <0.001). Regardless, NH-Black women (HR 1.39, 95 % CI 1.36-1.43) and Hispanic women (HR 1.05, 95 % CI 1.03-1.08) had significantly higher breast cancer mortality compared with NH-White women even after adjusting for hormone-receptor subtype, area-level socio-economic status, and area-level healthcare access. In addition, lower county-level socio-economic status and healthcare access measures were significantly and independently associated with stage at presentation, surgery, and radiation treatment as well as mortality after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and HR subtype. Although breast cancer HR subtype is a strong, important, and consistent predictor of breast cancer outcomes, we still observed significant and independent influences of area-level SES and HCA on breast cancer outcomes that deserve further study and may be critical to eliminating breast cancer outcome disparities.
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