ArticlePloS one2016
Treatment of Oral Candidiasis Using Photodithazine®- Mediated Photodynamic Therapy In Vivo.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Photodithazine-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical feasibility of chairside methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy for oral candidiasis.BMC oral health · 2026Trial
- Translational feasibility and efficacy of nasal photodynamic disinfection of SARS-CoV-2.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- From Oral Candidiasis to Candidemia: A Review of Superficial to Invasive Progression.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- The effectiveness of Annona muricata for improving induced oral candidiasis in gamma-irradiated rats.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Article
- Development of a Methylene Blue Carrier System in Gellan Gum for Application in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy againstACS omega · 2025Article
- The association of DNase I with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy affects Candida albicans gene expression and promotes immunomodulatory effects in mice with candidiasis.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the Efflux Pump Inhibition Activity of Thiadiazine-Derived Compounds Against thePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Riboflavin- and Hypericin-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy as Alternative Treatments for Oral Candidiasis: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Photodynamic Effects of Topical Photosensitizer, Photodithazine Using Micro-LED for Acne Bacteria Induced Inflammation.Annals of dermatology · 2024Article
- Curcumin nanoparticles: the topical antimycotic suspension treating oral candidiasis.Odontology · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Formulation of a Bacterial Nanocellulose/Propolis-Containing Photosensitizer for Biomedical Applications.Polymers · 2023Article
- DNase improves the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of candidiasis induced withFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with indocyanine green against the standard and fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans.Lasers in medical science · 2021Article
- New Applications of Photodynamic Therapy in the Management of Candidiasis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Photodynamic disinfection and its role in controlling infectious diseases.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2021Review
- New perspectives on the topical management of recurrent candidiasis.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- In Vivo Efficacy ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Dual-Agent Photodynamic Therapy with Optical Clearing Eradicates Pigmented Melanoma in Preclinical Tumor Models.Cancers · 2020Article
- Candida-Associated Denture Stomatitis and Murine Models: What Is the Importance and Scientific Evidence?Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study evaluated the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the treatment of oral candidiasis in a murine model using Photodithazine® (PDZ). This model of oral candidiasis was developed to allow the monitoring of the infection and the establishment of the aPDT treatment. Six-week-old female mice were immunosuppressed and inoculated with C. albicans to induce oral candidiasis. PDZ-mediated aPDT and nystatin treatment were carried out for 5 consecutive days with one application per day. The macroscopic evaluation of oral lesions was performed. After each treatment, the tongue was swabbed to recover C. albicans cells. Viable colonies were quantified and the number of CFU/ml determined. The animals were sacrificed 24 hours and 7 days after treatment and the tongues were surgically removed for histological analysis and analysis of inflammatory cytokines expression (IL-1, TNF-α and IL-6) by RT-qPCR. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. PDZ-mediated aPDT was as effective as Nystatin (NYS group) in the inactivation of C. albicans, reducing 3 and 3.2 logs10 respectively, 24 h after treatment (p<0.05). Animals underwent PDZ-mediated aPDT showed complete remission of oral lesions, while animals treated with NYS presented partial remission of oral lesions in both periods assessed. Histological evaluation revealed mild inflammatory infiltrate in the groups treated with aPDT and NYS in both periods assessed. The aPDT induced the TNF-α expression when compared with the control (P-L-) (p<0.05), 24 h and 7 days after treatment. In summary, the murine model developed here was able to mimic the infection and PDZ-mediated aPDT was effective to treat mice with oral candidiasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.