ArticleJournal of health and social behavior2016
Life Course Pathways to Racial Disparities in Cognitive Impairment among Older Americans.
Article in Journal of health and social behavior, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
116 citing papers in PubMed, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- State Policy Liberalism in Adolescence and Risk for Dementia from 2000 to 2016 among Older U.S. Adults.Journal of health and social behavior · 2026Article
- Exploring Social Determinants of Cognitive Functioning: History of Criminal Legal System Involvement and Processing Speed among Older Black Americans.Sociological focus · 2026Article
- Racial/ethnic variation of neighborhood social cohesion, loneliness, and cognitive functioning among midlife and older U.S. adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Male Spousal Caregivers Are Increasing, but Only in Less Demanding Care Roles.Journal of marriage and the family · 2026Article
- Social network structure and composition predicting cognitive impairment: racial/ethnic differences among older adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Atrial Fibrillation and Risk of Incident Cognitive Impairment: The REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study.The American journal of cardiology · 2026Article
- Disentangling social isolation, loneliness, and later-life cognitive function for older adults in the United States: evidence from causal inference modeling.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Exposure to parental depression in childhood and memory trajectories in mid- and later life.PloS one · 2026Article
- Observational
- Own and parental schooling, gender, and cognitive performance based on the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol (HCAP) among older Chilean adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Underestimating the Relationship: Unpacking Both Socioeconomic Resources and Cognitive Function and Decline in Midlife to Later Life.Journal of health and social behavior · 2025Article
- Offspring Educational Disadvantage and Parents' Dementia Onset: Does the Educational Success of One Child Moderate the Educational Disadvantage of Another?The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Racial-Ethnic Differences in Care Networks of Older Adults: Empirical Exploration of Possible Explanations.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Midlife financial stress and cognitive and physical impairments in older age: The role of potentially modifying factors.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Life course exposure to work strain and cognitive disparities by race and ethnicity.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Measuring the Interrelationships Between Cognitive Performance, Race/Ethnicity, Discrimination, Health Behaviors, and Physiological Dysregulation: A Path Analysis of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of aging and health · 2025Article
- Is Early-Life Enrichment Associated With Better Cognitive Function Among Older Adults? Examining Home and School Environments.Journal of aging and health · 2025Article
- Late-Life Informal Social Participation, Physical and Cognitive Functions Among the Chinese Elderly: A Life Course Perspective.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Linking the 1940 U.S. Census to the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project: Novel Opportunity to Understand the Effects of Early-Life Residential Environment on Cognitive Aging.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Exposure to School Racial Segregation and Late-Life Cognitive Outcomes.JAMA network open · 2025Article
56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Blacks are especially hard hit by cognitive impairment at older ages compared to whites. Here, we take advantage of the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2010) to assess how this racial divide in cognitive impairment is associated with the racial stratification of life course exposures and resources over a 12-year period among 8,946 non-Hispanic whites and blacks ages 65 and older in 1998. We find that blacks suffer from a higher risk of moderate/severe cognitive impairment at baseline and during the follow-up. Blacks are also more likely to report childhood adversity and to have grown up in the segregated South, and these early-life adversities put blacks at a significantly higher risk of cognitive impairment. Adulthood socioeconomic status is strongly associated with the risk of cognitive impairment, net of childhood conditions. However, racial disparities in cognitive impairment, though substantially reduced, are not eliminated when controlling for these life course factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.