ArticleJournal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry2016
Gas Flow Dynamics in Inlet Capillaries: Evidence for non Laminar Conditions.
Article in Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiparameter Simulation for the Optimization of Ion Transmission Efficiency Through Mass Spectrometry Inlet Capillary.Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM · 2026Article
- Influence of Acceleration Field and Inlet Temperature on Ion Yields of Small Molecules in Atmospheric Pressure MALDI.International journal of mass spectrometry · 2026Article
- Effects of Inlet Capillary Temperature in Atmospheric-Pressure Infrared Laser-Ablation Plasma Postionization Mass Spectrometry.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2025Article
- Research and Developments of Heterogeneous Catalytic Technologies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Hydrogen Is the Superior Nebulization Gas for Desorption and Electrospray Ionization.Analytical chemistry · 2024Article
- The FUNPET-a New Hybrid Ion Funnel-Ion Carpet Atmospheric Pressure Interface for the Simultaneous Transmission of a Broad Mass Range.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2018Article
- Gas Flow and Ion Transfer in Heated ESI Capillary Interfaces.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2018Article
- Gas Flow in the Capillary of the Atmosphere-to-Vacuum Interface of Mass Spectrometers.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this work, the characteristics of gas flow in inlet capillaries are examined. Such inlet capillaries are widely used as a first flow restriction stage in commercial atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometers. Contrary to the common assumption, we consider the gas flow in typical glass inlet capillaries with 0.5 to 0.6 mm inner diameters and lengths about 20 cm as transitional or turbulent. The measured volume flow of the choked turbulent gas stream in such capillaries is 0.8 L·min(-1) to 1.6 L·min(-1) under typical operation conditions, which is in good agreement to theoretically calculated values. Likewise, the change of the volume flow in dependence of the pressure difference along the capillary agrees well with a theoretical model for turbulent conditions as well as with exemplary measurements of the static pressure inside the capillary channel. However, the results for the volume flow of heated glass and metal inlet capillaries are neither in agreement with turbulent nor with laminar models. The velocity profile of the neutral gas in a quartz capillary with an inner diameter similar to commercial inlet capillaries was experimentally determined with spatially resolved ion transfer time measurements. The determined gas velocity profiles do not contradict the turbulent character of the flow. Finally, inducing disturbances of the gas flow by placing obstacles in the capillary channel is found to not change the flow characteristics significantly. In combination the findings suggest that laminar conditions inside inlet capillaries are not a valid primary explanation for the observed high ion transparency of inlet capillaries under common operation conditions. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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