ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2016
Demographic, Reproductive, and Dietary Determinants of Perfluorooctane Sulfonic (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Concentrations in Human Colostrum.
Article in Environmental science & technology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breastfeeding as a Predictor of Serum Concentrations of Per- and Polyfluorinated Alkyl Substances in Reproductive-Aged Women and Young Children: A Rapid Systematic Review.Current environmental health reports · 2018Pooled it
- Probiotic and Microbial Enzymatic Mechanisms for PFAS Detoxification.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid impairs spermatogenesis via the liver-gut microbiota-testis axis: a central role of chenodeoxycholic acid metabolism.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Concentrations and Estimated Daily Intake of Legacy and Emerging PFAS in the Milk of Women Residing in the Greater Cincinnati Area.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Association of diet with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in plasma and human milk in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Systematic evidence mapping of potential correlates of exposure for per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) based on measured occurrence in biomatrices and surveys of dietary consumption and product use.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2024Review
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in breast milk and infant formula: A global issue.Environmental research · 2023Review
- Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Perfluorooctane Sulfonate in Human Milk: First Survey from Lebanon.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Review on plant uptake of PFOS and PFOA for environmental cleanup: potential and implications.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Review
- Dynamics of associations between perfluoroalkyl substances and uric acid across the various stages of glomerular function.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2019Article
- Menstrual cycle characteristics as determinants of plasma concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort (MoBa study).Environmental research · 2018Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances impact human spermatogenesis in a stem-cell-derived model.Systems biology in reproductive medicine · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
To determine demographic, reproductive, and maternal dietary factors that predict perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) concentrations in breast milk, we measured perfluorooctane sulfonic (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) concentrations, using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, in 184 colostrum samples collected from women participating in a cohort study in Eastern Slovakia between 2002 and 2004. During their hospital delivery stay, mothers completed a food frequency questionnaire, and demographic and reproductive data were also collected. PFOS and PFOA predictors were identified by optimizing multiple linear regression models using Akaike's information criterion (AIC). The geometric mean concentration in colostrum was 35.3 pg/mL for PFOS and 32.8 pg/mL for PFOA. In multivariable models, parous women had 40% lower PFOS (95% CI: -56 to -17%) and 40% lower PFOA (95% CI: -54 to -23%) concentrations compared with nulliparous women. Moreover, fresh/frozen fish consumption, longer birth intervals, and Slovak ethnicity were associated with higher PFOS and PFOA concentrations in colostrum. These results will help guide the design of future epidemiologic studies examining milk PFAS concentrations in relation to health end points in children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.