ArticlePloS one2016
Disruption of Splenic Lymphoid Tissue and Plasmacytosis in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis: Changes in Homing and Survival of Plasma Cells.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lymphocyte-mediated immune responses to Leishmania infection.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Development and Validation of a New Scoring System (Total Leishmania Score) for Dogs withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Immune-Pathological Correlates of Disease Severity in New-World Kala-Azar: The Role of Parasite Load and Cytokine Profiles.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Lymphocyte loss and plasmacytosis are associated with IL-6- and TNF-producing cells in the spleens of fatal COVID-19 cases.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics, Dose-Proportionality, and Tolerability of Intravenous Tanespimycin (17-AAG) in Single and Multiple Doses in Dogs: A Potential Novel Treatment for Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- An integrated analysis of the structural changes and gene expression of spleen in human visceral leishmaniasis with and without HIV coinfection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Therapeutic potential of rWnt5A in curbingInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- Leishmania donovani Exploits Tunneling Nanotubes for Dissemination and Propagation of B Cell Activation.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Wnt5A Signaling Blocks Progression of Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Anti-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effects of Visceralising Leishmania on the Spleen, Liver, and Bone Marrow: A Pathophysiological Perspective.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Splenic Transcriptional Responses in Severe Visceral Leishmaniasis: Impaired Leukocyte Chemotaxis and Cell Cycle Arrest.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Cytokines and splenic remodelling duringCytokine: X · 2020Article
- Detection of amastigotes and histopathological alterations in the thymus of Leishmania infantum-infected dogs.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2020Article
- Phenotypical Characterization of Spleen Remodeling in Murine Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Pro-Cellular Exhaustion Markers are Associated with Splenic Microarchitecture Disorganization and Parasite Load in Dogs with Visceral Leishmaniasis.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Extrafollicular responses in humans and SLE.Immunological reviews · 2019Review
- Morphophysiological changes in the splenic extracellular matrix of Leishmania infantum-naturally infected dogs is associated with alterations in lymphoid niches and the CD4+ T cell frequency in spleens.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Histological Disorganization of Spleen Compartments and Severe Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by Leishmania infantum, which is transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. Dogs are the main urban reservoir of this parasite and the disease presents similar characteristics in both humans and dogs. In this paper, we investigated the potential pathways involved in plasma cell replacement of normal cell populations in the spleen, with respect to disease severity in dogs from an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis. To this end, canine spleen samples were grouped into three categories: TYPE1SC- (non-infected dogs or without active infection with organized white pulp), TYPE1SC+ (infected dogs with organized white pulp) or TYPE3SC+ (infected animals with disorganized white pulp). We analyzed the distribution of different plasma cell isotypes (IgA, IgG and IgM) in the spleen. The expression of cytokines and chemokines involved in plasma cell homing and survival were assessed by real time RT-PCR. Polyclonal B cell activation and hypergammaglobulinemia were also evaluated. The proportion of animals with moderate or intense plasmacytosis was higher in the TYPE3SC+ group than in the other groups (Fisher test, P<0.05). This was mainly due to a higher density of IgG+ plasma cells in the red pulp of this group. The albumin/globulin ratio was lower in the TYPE3SC+ animals than in the TYPE1SC- or TYPE1SC+ animals, which evidences VL-associated dysproteinemia. Interestingly, TYPE3SC+ animals showed increased expression of the BAFF and APRIL cytokines, as well as chemokine CXCL12. Aberrant expression of BAFF, APRIL and CXCL12, together with amplified extrafollicular B cell activation, lead to plasma cell homing and the extended survival of these cells in the splenic red pulp compartment. These changes in the distribution of immunocompetent cells in the spleen may contribute to the progression of VL, and impair the spleen's ability to protect against blood borne pathogens.
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