ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2016
An In Vitro Model for Oral Mixed Biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus gordonii in Synthetic Saliva.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Candida species detection in patients with chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2022Pooled it
- Antivirulence Strategy againstACS omega · 2026Article
- In vitro evaluation of tolerance ability of cross-kingdom biofilm towards oral dynamic fluctuations.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Simulated Media for Mimicking the Human Environment In Vitro.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2025Review
- Controlling Oral Polymicrobial Biofilm Using Usnic Acid on the Surface of Titanium in the Artificial Saliva Media.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Reduction of Multispecies Biofilms on an Acrylic Denture Base Model by Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Natural Photosensitizers.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Construction of a versatile in vitro cultivation screening platform using human oral microbiota.Environmental microbiology reports · 2024Article
- The interactions of Candida albicans with gut bacteria: a new strategy to prevent and treat invasive intestinal candidiasis.Gut pathogens · 2023Review
- Development ofFrontiers in reproductive health · 2023Article
- Article
- Access to Anti-Biofilm Compounds from Endolichenic Fungi Using a Bioguided Networking Screening.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Biofilm Formation by Chromoblastomycosis FungiJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Role of Glycoside Hydrolases in S. gordonii and C. albicans Interactions.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- An In Vitro Evaluation of Denture Cleansing Regimens against a Polymicrobial Denture Biofilm Model.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Cross-kingdom interaction betweenFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Interactions betweenFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Recent Advances and Opportunities in the Study ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Article
- Cross-Kingdom Cell-to-Cell Interactions in Cariogenic Biofilm Initiation.Journal of dental research · 2021Article
- Investigating the Transcriptome ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As a member of the normal human oral microbiota, the fungus Candida albicans is often found in association with Streptococcus gordonii, a member of dental plaque forming bacteria. Evidence suggests that S. gordonii serves as a facilitator of C. albicans adherence to dental tissues, which represents a clinically relevant problem, particularly for immunocompromised individuals that could subsequently develop fungal infections. In this study we describe the development of a relatively simple and economical in vitro model that allows for the growth of mixed bacterial/fungal biofilms in 96-well microtiter plates. We have applied this method to test and compare the growth characteristics of single and dual species biofilms in traditional microbiological media versus a synthetic saliva medium (basal medium mucin, BMM) that more closely resembles physiological conditions within the oral cavity. Results indicated a synergistic effect for the formation of biofilms when both microorganisms were seeded together under all conditions tested. The structural and architectural features of the resulting biofilms were further characterized using scanning electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy. We also performed drug susceptibility assays against single and mixed species biofilms using commonly used antifungals and antibacterial antibiotics, both in monotherapy and in combination therapy, for a direct comparison of resistance against antimicrobial treatment. As expected, mixed species biofilms displayed higher levels of resistance to antimicrobial treatment at every dose tested in both traditional media and BMM synthetic saliva, as compared to single-species biofilms.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.