ArticleLab on a chip2016
High density 3D printed microfluidic valves, pumps, and multiplexers.
Article in Lab on a chip, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vacuum-enhanced high-resolution 3D printing yields 11 200 valves and uniform 7 μm isoporous membranes.Lab on a chip · 2026Article
- Article
- Automated Flushing System for Post-Processing in Microfluidic Device Fabrication.Micromachines · 2026Article
- Multifunctional Fluidic Units for Emergent, Responsive Robotic Behaviors.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Fast multi-resolution 3D printing of microfluidics: enabling 2 μm channels and ultra-compact mixers.Microsystems & nanoengineering · 2026Article
- Hydrogel array patterning using 3D-printed microfluidic inserts to control cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- in situ Transformation of Information Into DNA Storage With Microfluidic Very Large-Scale Integration Platform.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- From Soft Lithography to 3D Printing: Current Status and Future of Microfluidic Device Fabrication.Polymers · 2025Review
- Fully 4D-Printed Near-Infrared-Actuated Lab-on-Valve Solid-Phase Extraction Devices.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Multipath Projection Stereolithography for Three-Dimensional Printing Microfluidic Devices.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Dimension compensation of printed master molds by a desktop LCD 3D printer for high-precision microfluidic applications.Mikrochimica acta · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Polymer Science and Fabrication Processes for Enhanced Microfluidic Applications: An Overview.Micromachines · 2024Review
- Article
- Programmed Internal Reconfigurations in a 3D-Printed Mechanical Metamaterial Enable Fluidic Control for a Vertically Stacked Valve Array.Advanced functional materials · 2024Article
- Impact of Beam Shape on Print Accuracy in Digital Light Processing Additive Manufacture.3D printing and additive manufacturing · 2024Article
- Digital light processing 3D printing of microfluidic devices targeting high-pressure liquid-phase separations.Mikrochimica acta · 2024Article
- A Versatile Photocrosslinkable Silicone Composite for 3D Printing Applications.Advanced materials technologies · 2024Article
- Advanced manufacturing provides tailor-made solutions for crystallography with x-ray free-electron lasers.Structural dynamics (Melville, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Tunable resins with PDMS-like elastic modulus for stereolithographic 3D-printing of multimaterial microfluidic actuators.Lab on a chip · 2023Article
- Biocompatible High-Resolution 3D-Printed Microfluidic Devices: Integrated Cell Chemotaxis Demonstration.Micromachines · 2023Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In this paper we demonstrate that 3D printing with a digital light processor stereolithographic (DLP-SLA) 3D printer can be used to create high density microfluidic devices with active components such as valves and pumps. Leveraging our previous work on optical formulation of inexpensive resins (RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 106621), we demonstrate valves with only 10% of the volume of our original 3D printed valves (Biomicrofluidics, 2015, 9, 016501), which were already the smallest that have been reported. Moreover, we show that incorporation of a thermal initiator in the resin formulation along with a post-print bake can dramatically improve the durability of 3D printed valves up to 1 million actuations. Using two valves and a valve-like displacement chamber (DC), we also create compact 3D printed pumps. With 5-phase actuation and a 15 ms phase interval, we obtain pump flow rates as high as 40 μL min(-1). We also characterize maximum pump back pressure (i.e., maximum pressure the pump can work against), maximum flow rate (flow rate when there is zero back pressure), and flow rate as a function of the height of the pump outlet. We further demonstrate combining 5 valves and one DC to create a 3-to-2 multiplexer with integrated pump. In addition to serial multiplexing, we also show that the device can operate as a mixer. Importantly, we illustrate the rapid fabrication and test cycles that 3D printing makes possible by implementing a new multiplexer design to improve mixing, and fabricate and test it within one day.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.