ArticleNature communications2016
BK channels in microglia are required for morphine-induced hyperalgesia.
Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological Relevance of β-, γ-, and LINGO Auxiliary Subunits in BK Channel Modulation.ChemMedChem · 2026Review
- Discovery of non-opioid peptides that selectively relieve mechanical pain in rodents through inhibition of TRPV4 channels.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- The actions of morphine on microglia and the underlying effects on associated adverse effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Repeat Opioid Use Modulates Microglia Activity and Amyloid Beta Clearance in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Lysosomal ion channels and pain.Pain reports · 2025Review
- Cell-surface proteomic profiling identifies CD72 as a regulator of microglial tiling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Involvement of BK Channels and Ryanodine Receptors in Salicylate-induced Tinnitus.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- RNA Interference Unleashed: Current Perspective of Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) Therapeutics in the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- The Inflammation/NF-κB and BDNF/TrkB/CREB Pathways in the Cerebellum Are Implicated in the Changes in Spatial Working Memory After Both Morphine Dependence and Withdrawal in Rat.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Targeting Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels to Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior in Mice.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Large conductance voltage-and calcium-activated KFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Microglia in morphine tolerance: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Direct neuronal conversion of microglia/macrophages reinstates neurological function after stroke.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Microglia cause structural remodeling of noradrenergic axon in the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis after infraorbital nerve injury in rats.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2023Article
- CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Effect of Prenatal Opioid Exposure on the Human Placental Methylome.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth attenuate mechanical allodynia in mice through distinct from the siglec-9/MCP-1-mediated tissue-repairing mechanism.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Spinal microglial β-endorphin signaling mediates IL-10 and exenatide-induced inhibition of synaptic plasticity in neuropathic pain.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2021Article
- Modulatory Potential of Cannabidiol on the Opioid-Induced Inflammatory Response.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Although morphine is a gold standard medication, long-term opioid use is associated with serious side effects, such as morphine-induced hyperalgesia (MIH) and anti-nociceptive tolerance. Microglia-to-neuron signalling is critically involved in pain hypersensitivity. However, molecules that control microglial cellular state under chronic morphine treatment remain unknown. Here we show that the microglia-specific subtype of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) channel is responsible for generation of MIH and anti-nociceptive tolerance. We find that, after chronic morphine administration, an increase in arachidonic acid levels through the μ-opioid receptors leads to the sole activation of microglial BK channels in the spinal cord. Silencing BK channel auxiliary β3 subunit significantly attenuates the generation of MIH and anti-nociceptive tolerance, and increases neurotransmission after chronic morphine administration. Therefore, microglia-specific BK channels contribute to the generation of MIH and anti-nociceptive tolerance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.