Trial reportNutrients2016
Elevation of Fasting Ghrelin in Healthy Human Subjects Consuming a High-Salt Diet: A Novel Mechanism of Obesity?
Trial report in Nutrients, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Sodium Intake and Health Indicators: A Systematic Review of Published Literature between January 2015 and December 2019.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Twenty-Four-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2019Pooled it
- Alteration Pattern of Taste Perception After Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review of Four Taste Domains.Obesity surgery · 2019Pooled it
- More evidence that salt increases blood pressure and risk of kidney disease from the Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (April-July 2016).Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2017Pooled it
- High salt intake and its dual impact on obesity and cardiovascular mortality in individuals over 50: a paradoxical relationship.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Factors related to high sodium intake based on 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in population aged 50 years and older.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The metabolic signature of salt intake: a cross-sectional analysis from the SCAPIS-study.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- The relationship between dietary sodium intake and all-cause mortality in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cohort study from NHANES 2003-2018.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The role of dietary salt in metabolism and energy balance: Insights beyond cardiovascular disease.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Review
- Article
- The association between dietary sodium intake and obesity in adults by sodium intake assessment methods: a review of systematic reviews and re-meta-analysis.Nutrition research and practice · 2023Review
- Dietary Sodium and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Association between minerals intake and childhood obesity: A cross-sectional study of the NHANES database in 2007-2014.PloS one · 2023Article
- The role of caloric intake in the association of high salt intake with high blood pressure.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Association of Usual Sodium Intake with Obesity Among US Children and Adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2021Article
- Salt consumption and the risk of chronic diseases among Chinese adults in Ningbo city.Nutrition journal · 2020Article
- Salt intake and prevalence of overweight/obesity in Japan, China, the United Kingdom, and the United States: the INTERMAP Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- The Influence of Dietary Salt Beyond Blood Pressure.Current hypertension reports · 2019Review
- Association of usual 24-h sodium excretion with measures of adiposity among adults in the United States: NHANES, 2014.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- How Much Intake of Sodium Is Good for Frailty?: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS).The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Overweight/obesity is a chronic disease that carries an increased risk of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and premature death. Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated a clear relationship between salt intake and obesity, but the pathophysiologic mechanisms remain unknown. We hypothesized that ghrelin, which regulates appetite, food intake, and fat deposition, becomes elevated when one consumes a high-salt diet, contributing to the progression of obesity. We, therefore, investigated fasting ghrelin concentrations during a high-salt diet. Thirty-eight non-obese and normotensive subjects (aged 25 to 50 years) were selected from a rural community in Northern China. They were sequentially maintained on a normal diet for three days at baseline, a low-salt diet for seven days (3 g/day, NaCl), then a high-salt diet for seven days (18 g/day). The concentration of plasma ghrelin was measured using an immunoenzyme method (ELISA). High-salt intake significantly increased fasting ghrelin levels, which were higher during the high-salt diet (320.7 ± 30.6 pg/mL) than during the low-salt diet (172.9 ± 8.9 pg/mL). The comparison of ghrelin levels between the different salt diets was statistically-significantly different (p < 0.01). A positive correlation between 24-h urinary sodium excretion and fasting ghrelin levels was demonstrated. Our data indicate that a high-salt diet elevates fasting ghrelin in healthy human subjects, which may be a novel underlying mechanism of obesity.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.