Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27238912›Full record

ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2016

The role of living context in prescription opioid injection and the associated risk of hepatitis C infection.

Rachel Sacks-Davis, Mark Daniel, Élise Roy, Yan Kestens, Geng Zang, Yuddy Ramos, Margaret Hellard, Didier Jutras Aswad, Julie Bruneau

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rachel Sacks-DavisDepartment of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Mark DanielSchool of Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
Élise RoyDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Longueuil, Canada.
Yan KestensResearch Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada.
Geng ZangResearch Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada.
Yuddy RamosResearch Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada.
Margaret HellardBurnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
Didier Jutras AswadResearch Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada.
Julie BruneauResearch Center, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Canada. julie.bruneau@umontreal.ca.

Funding

CIHR MOP135260CIHR MOP210232
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsPrescription opioid injection (POI) is a leading risk factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Residential context relates to high‐risk injection behaviour. This study assessed whether residence in the inner city (versus surrounding areas in Montréal Island) modified the effects of correlates of POI or the relationship between POI and HCV incidence.

designProspective cohort study.

settingMontréal, Canada.

participantsA total of 854 people who inject drugs (18% female, 25% age < 30 years), living on Montréal Island, were interviewed every 3–6 months from 2004 to 2012. MEASUREMENTS: Study visits included HCV antibody testing and an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. Generalized estimating equations were used to test whether place of residence modified the effects of correlates of POI. Cox regression was used to test whether place of residence modified the relationship between POI and HCV incidence.

findingsAt baseline, inner‐city participants were more likely to report POI in the past month (40 versus 25%, P < 0.001). The association between POI and heroin injection, syringe sharing and sharing of injecting equipment varied according to place of residence and was greater in the inner city. The hazard of HCV infection associated with POI was greater among inner‐city participants compared to those in the surrounding areas [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 3.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.88–6.07 versus HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.65–2.42, P = 0.025].

conclusionsAmong people who inject prescription opioids in Montréal, Canada, those who live in inner‐city areas are more likely to engage in injecting‐related risk behaviours and have a higher risk of hepatitis C virus infection than those who live in the suburbs.

Indexed as

Analgesics, OpioidHepatitis CNeedle SharingSubstance Abuse, IntravenousAdultCanadaFemaleHumansMaleProspective StudiesRisk FactorsYoung AdultAnalgesics, OpioidCohort studyGeographic Information Systemshepatitis Cinjection drug uselongitudinalprescription opioids

Identifiers

PMID27238912

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.