ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2016
Reducing liver metastases of colon cancer in the context of extensive and minor surgeries through β-adrenoceptors blockade and COX2 inhibition.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Favorable safety outcomes of a perioperative propranolol and etodolac regimen in cancer patients in four randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Pancreatic resection with perioperative drug repurposing of propranolol and etodolac - the phase II randomized controlled PROSPER trial.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Trial
- Phase 2 trial (NCI-COTC030) of adjuvant inhaled recombinant human IL-15 combined with amputation and adjuvant chemotherapy in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Prospective pilot trial with combination of propranolol with chemotherapy in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and evaluation on circulating immune cell gene expression.Gynecologic oncology · 2019Trial
- Perioperative COX-2 and β-Adrenergic Blockade Improves Metastatic Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Patients in a Phase-II Randomized Trial.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Trial
- Perioperative psycho-behavioral stress promotes cancer metastasis beyond the impact of surgery: Neuroendocrine and tumor molecular mediating mechanisms.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Neuro-immune interactions in gastrointestinal oncology: Mechanisms, challenges, and therapeutic potential.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- Neural regulation of lung cancer: from mechanisms to clinical implications.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- β-adrenergic signaling blockade attenuates metastasis through activation of cytotoxic CD4 T cells.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Advancing the human right to health in cancer care through drug repurposing strategies.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- Blocking β2-AR and Inhibiting COX-2: A Promising Approach to Suppress OSCC Development.International dental journal · 2025Article
- Recent advances in ferrocene-based nanomedicines for enhanced chemodynamic therapy.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Colorectal cancer and dormant metastases: Put to sleep or destroy?World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Heart failure pharmacotherapy and cancer: pathways and pre-clinical/clinical evidence.European heart journal · 2024Review
- Rosmarinic acid in combination with ginsenoside Rg1 suppresses colon cancer metastasis via co-inhition of COX-2 and PD1/PD-L1 signaling axis.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy during the Immediate Perioperative Period: A Promising Approach against Metastatic Disease.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Investigating the crosstalk between chronic stress and immune cells: implications for enhanced cancer therapy.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Trial watch: beta-blockers in cancer therapy.Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Effect of NETs/COX-2 pathway on immune microenvironment and metastasis in gastric cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Influence on Important Targets Associated with Chronic Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Cancer Treatment.Cancers · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Liver metastases are a major cause of colorectal cancer death, and the perioperative period is believed to critically affect the metastatic process. Here we tested whether blocking excess release of catecholamines and prostaglandins during surgical procedures of different extent can reduce experimental liver metastasis of the syngeneic CT26 colon cancer in female and male BALB/c mice. Animals were either treated with the beta-blocker, propranolol, the COX-2 inhibitor, etodolac, both drugs, or vehicle. The role of NK cells in controlling CT26 hepatic metastasis and in mediating the effect of the drugs was assessed by in vivo depletion or stimulation of NK cells, using anti-asialo GM1 or CpG-C, respectively. Surgical extent was manipulated by adding laparotomy to small incision, extending surgical duration, and enabling hypothermia. The results indicated that combined administration of propranolol and etodolac, but neither drug alone, significantly improved host resistance to metastasis. These beneficial effects occurred in both minor and extensive surgeries, in both sexes, and in two tumor inoculation approaches. NK cell-mediated anti-CT26 activity is involved in mediating the beneficial effects of the drugs. Specifically, CpG-C treatment, known to profoundly activate mice marginating-hepatic NK cytotoxicity, reduced CT26 hepatic metastases; and NK-depletion increased metastases and prevented the beneficial effects of the drugs. Overall, given prevalent perioperative psychological and physiological stress responses in patients, and ample prostaglandin release by colorectal tumors and injured tissue, propranolol and etodolac could be tested clinically in laparoscopic and open colorectal surgeries, attempting to reduce patients' metastatic disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.