SynthesisContraception2016
Safety and effectiveness data for emergency contraceptive pills among women with obesity: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Contraception, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- U.S. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use, 2024.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024Guideline
- Interventions for emergency contraception.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for emergency contraception.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Hormonal contraceptives for contraception in overweight or obese women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Double dosing ulipristal acetate emergency contraception for individuals with obesity: a randomised crossover trial.BMJ sexual & reproductive health · 2025Trial
- Availability of Oral Emergency Contraception in German Community Pharmacies-A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Mystery Caller Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- What Every Cardiologist Should Know About Contraception and Reproductive Planning in 2025.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- Family Planning and Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current rheumatology reports · 2025Review
- PCOS and Obesity: Contraception Challenges.Open access journal of contraception · 2025Review
- U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use, 2024.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2024Article
- Contraception for Adolescents and Young Women with Type 2 Diabetes-Specific Considerations.Current diabetes reports · 2022Review
- Women in larger bodies' experiences with contraception: a scoping review.Reproductive health · 2021Article
- Pharmacy availability of emergency contraception in southwestern Pennsylvania: A simulated patient study.Contraception: X · 2021Article
- Levonorgestrel emergency contraception and bodyweight: are current recommendations consistent with historic data?Journal of drug assessment · 2020Article
- State of emergency contraception in the U.S., 2018.Contraception and reproductive medicine · 2018Review
- Removing barriers to contraception through use of criteria to assess pregnancy risk.Contraception · 2017Article
- Unintended pregnancy: a framework for prevention and options for midlife women in the US.Women's midlife health · 2017Article
- Removing medical barriers to contraception - evidence-based recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016.Contraception · 2016Article
- Changes in U.S. Healthcare Provider Practices Related to Emergency Contraception.Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's HealthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study aims to determine whether emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are less safe and effective for women with obesity compared with those without obesity. STUDY
designWe searched PubMed for articles through November 2015 regarding the safety and effectiveness of ECPs [ulipristal acetate (UPA), levonorgestrel (LNG) and combined estrogen and progestin] among obese users. We assessed study quality using the United States Preventive Services Task Force evidence grading system.
resultsWe identified four pooled secondary analyses (quality: poor to fair), two of which examined UPA and three examined LNG formulations. Three analyses pooled overlapping data from a total of three primary studies and demonstrated significant associations between obesity and risk of pregnancy after ECP use. One analysis reported a 4-fold increased risk of pregnancy among women with obesity (BMI≥30kg/m
conclusionWhile data are limited and poor to fair quality, findings suggest that women with obesity experience an increased risk of pregnancy after use of LNG ECP compared with those normal/underweight. Women with obesity may also experience an increased risk of pregnancy compared with women without obesity after use of UPA ECP, though differences did not reach statistical significance. Providers should counsel all women at risk for unintended pregnancy, including those with obesity, about the effectiveness of the full range of emergency contraception options in order for them to understand their options, to receive advanced supplies of emergency contraception as needed and to understand how to access an emergency copper intrauterine device if desired.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.