ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2016
The Type of Growth Medium Affects the Presence of a Mycobacterial Capsule and Is Associated With Differences in Protective Efficacy of BCG Vaccination Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Mycobacterial α-glucans hijack dectin-1 to facilitate intracellular bacterial survival.Science immunology · 2026Article
- Monoclonal Antibodies Targeting Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Outer Membrane Proteins Confer Protection Against Tuberculosis.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Tuberculosis: Persistence, Protection, and Pathology.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Pathogenicity and virulence ofVirulence · 2023Review
- Single cell preparations ofeLife · 2023Article
- The effect of in vitro consecutive passages and culture medium on the genetic variations in BCG Pasteur 1173P2 vaccine.PloS one · 2023Article
- Article
- The double-edged sword of Tregs in M tuberculosis, M avium, and M absessus infection.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- A flat embedding method for transmission electron microscopy reveals an unknown mechanism of tetracycline.Communications biology · 2021Article
- PE_PGRS33, an Important Virulence Factor ofCells · 2021Review
- TB or not to be: what specificities and impact do antibodies have during tuberculosis?Oxford open immunology · 2021Review
- Optimisation ofPharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Towards new TB vaccines.Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- Each Mycobacterium Requires a Specific Culture Medium Composition for Triggering an Optimized Immunomodulatory and Antitumoral Effect.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- TheThe Biochemical journal · 2019Review
- Retention of EsxA in the Capsule-Like Layer ofInfection and immunity · 2019Article
- The Humoral Immune Response to BCG Vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- RD5-mediated lack of PE_PGRS and PPE-MPTR export in BCG vaccine strains results in strong reduction of antigenic repertoire but little impact on protection.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Exposure to human alveolar lining fluid enhances Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a CD8Mucosal immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2017
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is widely used for the prevention of tuberculosis, despite limited efficacy. Most immunological studies of BCG or Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains grow bacteria in the presence of detergent, which also strips the mycobacterial capsule. The impact of the capsule on vaccine efficacy has not been explored.
methodsWe tested the influence of detergent in cultures of BCG and M. tuberculosis strains on the outcome of vaccination experiments on mice and transcriptional responses on M. tuberculosis
resultsVaccination of mice with encapsulated BCG promoted a more potent immune response relative to vaccination with unencapsulated BCG, including higher polysaccharide-specific capsule antibody titers, higher interferon γ and interleukin 17 splenic responses, and more multifunctional CD4(+) T cells. These differences correlated with variability in the bacterial burden in lung and spleen of mice infected with encapsulated or unencapsulated M. tuberculosis The combination of vaccination and challenge with encapsulated strains resulted in the greatest protection efficacy. The transcriptome of encapsulated M. tuberculosis was similar to that of starvation, hypoxia, stationary phase, or nonreplicating persistence.
conclusionsThe presence of detergent in growth media and a capsule on BCG were associated with differences in the outcome of vaccination, implying that these are important variables in immunological studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.