ReviewCurrent opinion in microbiology2016
Extracellular vesicles are the Trojan horses of viral infection.
Review in Current opinion in microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease: Intercellular Signaling, Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Translation.Circulation research · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles Released by Picornavirus-Infected Cells Modify Antiviral Immune Cell Responses.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- A game of hide-and-seek: how extracellular vesicles evade the immune system.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Review
- Quantitative characterisation of extracellular vesicles designed to decoy or compete with SARS-CoV-2 reveals differential mode of action across variants of concern and highlights the diversity of Omicron.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Golgi-derived extracellular vesicle production induced by SARS-CoV-2 envelope protein.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2025Article
- Article
- Extracellular vesicles in arbovirus infections: from basic biology to potential clinical applications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- The emerging role of extracellular vesicles in viral transmission and immune evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Persistent Rhesus Enteric Calicivirus Infection in Recombinant CHO Cells Expressing the Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor.Viruses · 2024Article
- Non-lytic spread of poliovirus requires the nonstructural protein 3CD.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Phloem sap from melon plants contains extracellular vesicles that carry active proteasomes which increase in response to aphid infestation.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Article
- Oncoviral Infections and Small Extracellular Vesicles.Viruses · 2024Review
- Review
- Article
- Extracellular vesicles as tools and targets in therapy for diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Mode of Viral Propagation Exploited by Enveloped and Non-Enveloped Viruses.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Review
- Human Papillomavirus-Associated Tumor Extracellular Vesicles in HPVJournal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Review
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have recently emerged as a novel mode of viral propagation exploited by both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. In particular non-enveloped viruses utilize the hosts' production of extracellular vesicles to exit from cells non-lytically and to hide and manipulate the immune system. Moreover, challenging the long held idea that viruses behave as independent genetic units, extracellular vesicles enable multiple viral particles and genomes to collectively traffic in and out of cells, which can promote genetic cooperativity among viral quasispecies and enhance the fitness of the overall viral population.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.