SynthesisArchives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition2017
Diabetes in pregnancy and infant adiposity: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Long-Term Outcomes after Early Neonatal Hyperglycemia in VLBW Infants: A Systematic Review.Neonatology · 2021Pooled it
- Pubertal timing in boys and girls born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review.European journal of endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- A mobile phone application for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in Malaysian women with gestational diabetes mellitus (MYGODDESS): A feasibility randomised controlled trial.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Trial
- Gestational diabetes detection thresholds and infant growth, nutrition, and neurodevelopment at 12-18 months: a prospective cohort study within a randomized trial.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025Trial
- Infant body composition in a randomised trial of a maternal nutritional supplement during preconception and pregnancy.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2025Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of a Behavioral Physical Activity Intervention for Pregnancy Hyperglycemia.Journal of pregnancy · 2025Trial
- Beyond Deterministic Fetal Programming: Intrauterine Exposures and the Multifactorial Origins of Adiposity.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Review
- Metabolic health conditions in pregnancy, human milk hormone concentrations, and infant adiposity.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding Intensity and Duration and Growth Trajectories in GDM Exposed Infants: The SWIFT Study.Pediatric obesity · 2026Article
- Review
- Gestational diabetes, human milk oligosaccharide concentrations, and their links to infant weight gain and the gut microbiome in a United States observational cohort.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Observational
- Advances in Research on Childhood-Obesity Associated With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Journal of diabetes · 2026Review
- Fluid intake in term and preterm infants exposed to maternal diabetes.Academia nutrition and dietetics · 2026Article
- Diabetes in Pregnant Romanian Patients-Epidemiology and Prevention Strategies Proposal.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The effect of maternal blood glucose control on infant body composition at birth.Early human development · 2025Article
- Alterations in newborn metabolite patterns with preterm birth and diabetes in pregnancy.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- CHAF1A Promotes Preadipocyte Differentiation and Contributes to Macrosomia in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Association of Umbilical Cord Perilipin 2 Levels with Neonatal Anthropometric Measurements in Infants of Diabetic Mothers.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Relationships Between Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Treatment and Neonatal Anthropometry: Evidence from the Born in Bradford (BiB) Cohort.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- Infant of a diabetic mother: clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment.Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveMaternal glycaemia and anthropometry-derived newborn adiposity are strongly correlated. The children of mothers with diabetes are at greater risk of adverse metabolic health, and increased adiposity is a plausible mediator. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare adiposity in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) and infants of mothers without diabetes (NIDM).
designWe identified observational studies reporting adiposity in IDM and NIDM. We searched references, traced forward citations and contacted authors for additional data. We considered all body composition techniques and compared fat mass, fat-free mass, body fat % and skinfold thickness. We used random effects meta-analyses and performed subgroup analyses by maternal diabetes type (type 1, type 2 and gestational) and infant sex. We examined the influence of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and conducted sensitivity analyses.
resultsWe included data from 35 papers and over 24 000 infants. IDM have greater fat mass than NIDM (mean difference (95% CI)): 83 g (49 to 117). Fat mass is greater in infants of mothers with gestational diabetes: 62 g (29 to 94) and type 1 diabetes: 268 g (139 to 397). Insufficient studies reported data for type 2 diabetes separately. Compared with NIDM, fat mass was greater in IDM boys: 87 g (30 to 145), but not significantly different in IDM girls: 42 g (-33 to 116). There was no attenuation after adjustment for maternal BMI.
conclusionsIDM have significantly greater adiposity in comparison with NIDM. These findings are justification for studies to determine whether measures to reduce infant adiposity will improve later health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.