ArticlePlant physiology2016
Cytosolic Glutamine Synthetase Gln1;2 Is the Main Isozyme Contributing to GS1 Activity and Can Be Up-Regulated to Relieve Ammonium Toxicity.
Article in Plant physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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40 citing papers in PubMed, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enhanced Activity of Glutamine Synthetase by Manipulating a GWAS-Identified BnaA02.GLN1;2 Gene Augments Nitrate Uptake and Yield in Brassica napus.Plant, cell & environment · 2026Article
- Article
- Optimizing root architecture with nitrogen fertilization to improve nitrogen accumulation and yield in soybean.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Article
- Overexpression of pxAlaAT3 in Populus × xiaohei alleviates root growth inhibition under ammonium nitrogen stress.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
- Natural variation in the adjustment of primary metabolism determines ammonium tolerance in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon.Journal of experimental botany · 2024Article
- The Role of Glutamine Synthetase (GS) and Glutamate Synthase (GOGAT) in the Improvement of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereals.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Stimulus-responsive proteins involved in multi-process regulation of storage substance accumulation during rice grain filling under elevated temperature.BMC plant biology · 2023Article
- Analysis of Potato Physiological and Molecular Adaptation in Response to Different Water and Nitrogen Combined Regimes.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Evolutionary implications of C2 photosynthesis: how complex biochemical trade-offs may limit C4 evolution.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Article
- Integrated comparative transcriptome and physiological analysis reveals the metabolic responses underlying genotype variations in NHFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Ammonium-nitrate mixtures dominated by NHFrontiers in plant science · 2023Article
- Review
- The Arabidopsis glutamine synthetase2 mutants (gln2-1 and gln2-2) do not have abnormal phenotypes.Plant physiology · 2022Article
- New Insight into Aspartate Metabolic Pathways inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Is plastidic glutamine synthetase essential for CThe New phytologist · 2022Article
- Cytosolic Glutamine Synthetase GS1;3 Is Involved in Rice Grain Ripening and Germination.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- The Dynamics of NO3- and NH4+ Uptake in Duckweed Are Coordinated with the Expression of Major Nitrogen Assimilation Genes.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis links plant growth with nitrogen metabolism.Plant physiology · 2021Article
- Antagonistic Interaction between Phosphinothricin andPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytosolic GS1 (Gln synthetase) is central for ammonium assimilation in plants. High ammonium treatment enhanced the expression of the GS1 isogene Gln-1;2 encoding a low-affinity high-capacity GS1 protein in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) shoots. Under the same conditions, the expression of the high-affinity low-capacity isoform Gln-1;1 was reduced. The expression of Gln-1;3 did not respond to ammonium treatment while Gln-1;4 and Gln-1;5 isogenes in all cases were expressed at a very low level. Gln-2 was highly expressed in shoots but only at a very low level in roots. To investigate the specific functions of the two isogenes Gln-1;1 and Gln-1;2 in shoots for ammonium detoxification, single and double knock-out mutants were grown under standard N supply or with high ammonium provision. Phenotypes of the single mutant gln1;1 were similar to the wild type, while growth of the gln1;2 single mutant and the gln1;1:gln1;2 double mutant was significantly impaired irrespective of N regime. GS1 activity was significantly reduced in both gln1;2 and gln1;1:gln1;2 Along with this, the ammonium content increased while that of Gln decreased, showing that Gln-1;2 was essential for ammonium assimilation and amino acid synthesis. We conclude that Gln-1;2 is the main isozyme contributing to shoot GS1 activity in vegetative growth stages and can be up-regulated to relieve ammonium toxicity. This reveals, to our knowledge, a novel shoot function of Gln-1;2 in Arabidopsis shoots.
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