ArticleBMC public health2016
Global healthcare use by immigrants in Spain according to morbidity burden, area of origin, and length of stay.
Article in BMC public health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Acculturation and Healthcare Access Among Labour Migrants: A Systematic Review.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Pooled it
- Exploring differences in the utilization of the emergency department between migrant and non-migrant populations: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Acculturation, Social Support, and Healthcare Utilisation Among Indonesian Migrant Workers in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Review
- Temporal trends and social inequities in adolescent and young adult mental health disorders in Catalonia, Spain: a 2008-2022 primary care cohort study.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2024Article
- Mental health and risk of death and hospitalization in COVID-19 patients. Results from a large-scale population-based study in Spain.PloS one · 2024Article
- Sex, Immigration, and Patterns of Access to Primary Care in Canada.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2023Article
- Health service use and costs among migrants in an irregular situation: Cross-sectional register-based study from a voluntary-based clinic.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Tuberculosis and Migrant Pathways in an Urban Setting: A Mixed-Method Case Study on a Treatment Centre in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- What explains the inequalities in health care utilization between immigrants and non-migrants in Switzerland?BMC public health · 2021Article
- Overuse or underuse? Use of healthcare services among irregular migrants in a north-eastern Spanish region.International journal for equity in health · 2021Observational
- Undocumented immigrants' and immigrant women's access to healthcare services in the Basque Country (Spain).Global health action · 2021Article
- Disparities in emergency department use between Italians and migrants residing in Rome, Italy: the Rome Dynamic Longitudinal Study from 2005 to 2015.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Immigration factors and potentially avoidable hospitalizations in Canada.SSM - population health · 2019Article
- The definition of immigrant status matters: impact of nationality, country of origin, and length of stay in host country on mortality estimates.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Factors Associated to Medication Consumption Among the Immigrant Population Residing in Spain.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2018Article
- Differences in all-cause hospitalisation by ethnic group: a data linkage cohort study of 4.62 million people in Scotland, 2001-2013.Public health · 2018Article
- Cohort Profile: The Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases and Multimorbidity. The EpiChron Cohort Study.International journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Trends and Weekly Cycles in a Large Swiss Emergency Centre: A 10 Year Period at the University Hospital of Bern.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2017Article
- Differences in primary health care use among sub-Saharan African immigrants in Norway: a register-based study.BMC health services research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe healthcare of immigrants is an important aspect of equity of care provision. Understanding how immigrants use the healthcare services based on their needs is crucial to establish effective health policy.
methodsThis retrospective, observational study included the total population of Aragon, Spain (1,251,540 individuals, of whom 11.9 % were immigrants). Patient-level data on the use of primary, specialised, hospital, and emergency care as well as prescription drug use in 2011 were extracted from the EpiChron Cohort and compared between immigrants and nationals. Multivariable standard or zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were generated, adjusting for age, sex, length of stay, and morbidity burden.
resultsThe annual visit rates of immigrants were lower than those of nationals for primary care (3.3 vs 6.4), specialised care (1.3 vs 2.7), planned hospital admissions/100 individuals (1.6 vs 3.8), unplanned hospital admissions/100 individuals (2.7 vs 4.7), and emergency room visits/10 individuals (2.3 vs 2.8). Annual prescription drug costs were also lower for immigrants (€47 vs €318). These differences were only partially attenuated after adjusting for age, sex and morbidity burden.
conclusionIn a universal coverage health system offering broad legal access to immigrants, the global use of healthcare services was lower for immigrants than for nationals. These differences may be explained in part by the healthy migration effect, but also reveal possible inequalities in healthcare provision that warrant further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.