Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27229153›Full record

ReviewTrials2016

A review of approaches to improve participation of culturally and linguistically diverse populations in clinical trials.

Jo-Anne Hughson, Robyn Woodward-Kron, Anna Parker, John Hajek, Agnese Bresin, Ute Knoch, Tuong Phan, David Story

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Trials, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
85citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

85 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Lack of diversity in antifibrotic trials for pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
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  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Article
  11. Article
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  15. Article
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  17. Information-Seeking Behaviours of CALD Women with Endometriosis in Australia: A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jo-Anne HughsonSchool of Languages and Linguistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Robyn Woodward-KronDepartment of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, 3010, Australia. robynwk@unimelb.edu.au.
Anna ParkerAnaesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Unit, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
John HajekSchool of Languages and Linguistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Agnese BresinSchool of Languages and Linguistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Ute KnochSchool of Languages and Linguistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
Tuong PhanAnaesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Unit, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
David StoryAnaesthesia, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Unit, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The under-representation of culturally and linguistically diverse participants in clinical trials is an ongoing concern for medical researchers and the community. The aim of this review is to examine the complex issue of recruiting culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) older people to medical research and to examine responses to these issues. The review focuses on (1) trends in the existing literature on barriers to and strategies for recruiting CALD and older people to clinical research, (2) issues with informed consent for CALD populations, and (3) the efficacy of innovative approaches, including approaches incorporating multimedia in research and consent processes. The literature indicates that predominant barriers to greater involvement of CALD patients in clinical trials are communication, including literacy and health literacy considerations; English language competence; and cultural factors in the research setting such as mistrust of consent processes, as well as considerable practical and logistical barriers, including mobility considerations. Some evidence exists that incorporating multimedia resources into the informed consent process can improve patient understanding and is preferred by patients, yet these findings are inconclusive. A multi-methodological approach, including the use of culturally and linguistically sensitive multimedia tools, may help address the issue of low inclusion of CALD groups in clinical research. Researcher education needs to be taken into account to address preconceptions about CALD resistance to research participation and to raise awareness of cultural concerns in regard to research participation.

Indexed as

Clinical Trials as TopicPatient ParticipationAgedCommunicationCultureHumansLinguisticsCALDClinical researchHealth literacyInformed consentLanguageLow English proficiencyMigrantsMultimediaOlder peopleRecruitment

Identifiers

PMID27229153
PMCPMC4880985

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.