Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27229123›Full record

ReviewAmerican journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology2016

Colonic macrophage polarization in homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer.

Raymond A Isidro, Caroline B Appleyard

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
119citing papers in PubMed
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

119 citing papers in PubMed, 214 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. World journal of gastroenterology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. The Impacts ofFood science & nutrition · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Raymond A IsidroDepartment of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School and Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico 00716 tonyisidro@me.com.ORCID 0000-0002-1774-8643
Caroline B AppleyardDepartment of Basic Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University-Medical School and Ponce Research Institute, 395 Zona Industrial Reparada 2, Ponce, Puerto Rico 00716.
Ponce Health Sciences University · PR

Funding

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COMPETENCY & EDUCATION CORE (STCE)P20GM103475 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO MED SCIENCES · PI Humberto Guillermo Ortiz-Zuazaga · 2012 to 2026
$52.9M
RISE Option III: Ponce School of Medicine MBRS-RISE ProgramR25GM082406 · NIGMS · PONCE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI APPLEYARD, CAROLINE B · 2008 to 2021
$9.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103475NIGMS NIH HHS R25 GM082406
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Our review focuses on the colonic macrophage, a monocyte-derived, tissue-resident macrophage, and the role it plays in health and disease, specifically in inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and cancer of the colon and rectum. We give special emphasis to macrophage polarization, or phenotype, in these different states. We focus on macrophages because they are one of the most numerous leukocytes in the colon, and because they normally contribute to homeostasis through an anti-inflammatory phenotype. However, in conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, proinflammatory macrophages are increased in the colon and have been linked to disease severity and progression. In colorectal cancer, tumor cells may employ anti-inflammatory macrophages to promote tumor growth and dissemination, whereas proinflammatory macrophages may antagonize tumor growth. Given the key roles that this cell type plays in homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer, the colonic macrophage is an intriguing therapeutic target. As such, potential macrophage-targeting strategies are discussed.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsCell DifferentiationCell LineageColonColorectal NeoplasmsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHomeostasisHumansInflammation MediatorsInflammatory Bowel DiseasesMacrophagesPhenotypeProbioticsSignal TransductionAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntineoplastic AgentsInflammation Mediatorscoloncolorectal cancerinflammatory bowel diseasemacrophage polarizationmacrophages

Identifiers

PMID27229123
PMCPMC4967174
OpenAlexW2405925308

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.