ArticleVaccine2016
Antibodies derived from an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) adhesin tip MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen) against adherence of nine ETEC adhesins: CFA/I, CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6, CS21 and EtpA.
Article in Vaccine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent progress in enterotoxigenicInfection and immunity · 2025Review
- Chimeric Fimbrial Multiepitope Antigen Fused to Double-Mutant LT (dmLT) Induces Antibodies That Inhibit EnterotoxigenicAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Beyond FimH: Diversity and Relevance of Carbohydrate-Binding Fimbrial Proteins in Escherichia coli.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2025Review
- Review
- A broadly immunogenic polyvalentInfection and immunity · 2023Article
- Polyvalent Protein Adhesin MEFA-II Induces Functional Antibodies against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Adhesins CS7, CS12, CS14, CS17, and CS21 and Heat-Stable Toxin (STa).Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Colonizing and Virulence Factors in Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from Peru.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Multivalent EnterotoxigenicApplied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Different serotypes of Escherichia coli flagellin exert identical adjuvant effects.BMC veterinary research · 2022Article
- Feasibility of avian antibodies as prophylaxis against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli colonization.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Coimmunization with Two Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Fimbrial Multiepitope Fusion Antigens Induces the Production of Neutralizing Antibodies against Five ETEC Fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41).Applied and environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Application of a Novel Epitope- and Structure-Based Vaccinology-Assisted Fimbria-Toxin Multiepitope Fusion Antigen of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli for Development of Multivalent Vaccines against Porcine Postweaning Diarrhea.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges.Gut microbes · 2020Review
- A multivalent vaccine candidate targeting enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli fimbriae for broadly protecting against porcine post-weaning diarrhea.Veterinary research · 2020Article
- Mapping the Neutralizing Epitopes of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (F4) Fimbrial Adhesin and Major Subunit FaeG.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2019Article
- Mapping the neutralizing epitopes of F18 fimbrial adhesin subunit FedF of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC).Veterinary microbiology · 2019Article
- Review of Newly Identified Functions Associated With the Heat-Labile Toxin of EnterotoxigenicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Review
- Development of an enterotoxigenicHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2019Review
- Article
- Human β-defensin 2 plays a regulatory role in innate antiviral immunity and is capable of potentiating the induction of antigen-specific immunity.Virology journal · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Diarrhea continues to be a leading cause of death in children younger than 5 years in developing countries. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a leading bacterial cause of children's diarrhea and travelers' diarrhea. ETEC bacteria initiate diarrheal disease by attaching to host receptors at epithelial cells and colonizing in small intestine. Therefore, preventing ETEC attachment has been considered the first line of defense against ETEC diarrhea. However, developing vaccines effectively against ETEC bacterial attachment encounters challenge because ETEC strains produce over 23 immunologically heterogeneous adhesins. In this study, we applied MEFA (multiepitope fusion antigen) approach to integrate epitopes from adhesin tips or adhesive subunits of CFA/I, CS1, CS2, CS3, CS4, CS5, CS6, CS21 and EtpA adhesins and to construct an adhesin tip MEFA peptide. We then examined immunogenicity of this tip MEFA in mouse immunization, and assessed potential application of this tip MEFA for ETEC vaccine development. Data showed that mice intraperitoneally immunized with this adhesin tip MEFA developed IgG antibody responses to all nine ETEC adhesins. Moreover, ETEC and E. coli bacteria expressing these nine adhesins, after incubation with serum of the immunized mice, exhibited significant reduction in attachment to Caco-2 cells. These results indicated that anti-adhesin antibodies induced by this adhesin tip MEFA blocked adherence of the most important ETEC adhesins, suggesting this multivalent tip MEFA may be useful for developing a broadly protective anti-adhesin vaccine against ETEC diarrhea.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.