Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27226930›Full record

ArticleTranslational vision science & technology2016

Reliability of a Manual Procedure for Marking the EZ Endpoint Location in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Rithambara Ramachandran, Cindy X Cai, Dongwon Lee, Benjamin C Epstein, Kirsten G Locke, David G Birch, Donald C Hood

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Translational vision science & technology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05537220 (NAC Attack, A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel, Double Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Oral N-Acetylcysteine in Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05537220 phase3active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

NAC Attack, A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Parallel, Double Masked, Placebo-Controlled Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Oral N-Acetylcysteine in Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa

TypeinterventionalSponsorJohns Hopkins UniversityRan2023 to 2030Enrolled485ConditionsRetinitis PigmentosaArmsN-acetylcysteine, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. OCT Biomarkers in a Cohort of Patients WithJournal of ophthalmology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Clinical Phenotype ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Observational
  10. Retinal Structure in RPE65-Associated Retinal Dystrophy.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Rithambara RamachandranDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Cindy X CaiDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Dongwon LeeDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Benjamin C EpsteinDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Kirsten G LockeRetina Foundation of Southwest, Dallas,TX, USA.
David G BirchRetina Foundation of Southwest, Dallas,TX, USA ; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Donald C HoodDepartment of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA ; Department of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Columbia University · USRetina Foundation of the Southwest · USThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center · US

Funding

MEASURES OF HUMAN RECEPTOR AND POST RECEPTOR ACTIVITYR01EY009076 · NEI · COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE · PI BIRCH, DAVID G, HOOD, DONALD C. · 1991 to 2021
$8.3M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY009076
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWe developed and evaluated a training procedure for marking the endpoints of the ellipsoid zone (EZ), also known as the inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) border, on frequency domain optical coherence tomography (fdOCT) scans from patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

methodsA manual for marking EZ endpoints was developed and used to train 2 inexperienced graders. After training, an experienced grader and the 2 trained graders marked the endpoints on fdOCT horizontal line scans through the macula from 45 patients with RP. They marked the endpoints on these same scans again 1 month later.

resultsIntragrader agreement was excellent. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.99, the average difference of endpoint locations (19.6 μm) was close to 0 μm, and the 95% limits were between -284 and 323 μm, approximately ±1.1°. Intergrader agreement also was excellent. The ICC values were 0.98 (time 1) and 0.97 (time 2), the average difference among graders was close to zero, and the 95% limits of these differences was less than 350 μm, approximately 1.2°, for both test times.

conclusionsWhile automated algorithms are becoming increasingly accurate, EZ endpoints still have to be verified manually and corrected when necessary. With training, the inter- and intragrader agreement of manually marked endpoints is excellent. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE: For clinical studies, the EZ endpoints can be marked by hand if a training procedure, including a manual, is used. The endpoint confidence intervals, well under ±2.0°, are considerably smaller than the 6° spacing for the typically used static visual field.

Indexed as

ellipsoid zone (EZ)optical coherence tomographyreceptorsretinitis pigmentosa

Identifiers

PMID27226930
PMCPMC4874452
OpenAlexW2405824385

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.