ArticleHepatitis monthly2016
Hepatitis E Virus Circulation in Italy: Phylogenetic and Evolutionary Analysis.
Article in Hepatitis monthly, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Zoonotic hepatitis E virus spreads through environmental routes in pig herds - A phylodynamic analysis.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Molecular and serological investigation of Hepatitis E virus in pigs slaughtered in Northwestern Italy.BMC veterinary research · 2023Article
- FHbp variants among meningococci of serogroup B in Italy: Evolution and selective pressure, 2014-2017.PloS one · 2023Article
- Open reading frame 3 protein of hepatitis E virus: Multi-function protein with endless potential.World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Review
- Phylogenetic analysis and epidemiological history of Hepatitis E virus 3f and 3c in swine and wild boar, Italy.Heliyon · 2020Article
- Molecular Characterization of HEV Genotype 3 in Italy at Human/Animal Interface.Frontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Hepatitis E in Italy: 5 years of national epidemiological, virological and environmental surveillance, 2012 to 2016.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2018Article
- Development of new hepatitis E vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Review
- Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes and Evolution: Emergence of Camel Hepatitis E Variants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Zoonotic Hepatitis E Virus: An Ignored Risk for Public Health.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV), a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries, has been classified into four main genotypes and a number of subtypes. New genotypes have been recently identified in various mammals, including HEV genotype 3, which has a worldwide distribution. It is widespread among pigs in developed countries.
objectivesThis study investigated the genetic diversity of HEV among humans and swine in Italy. The date of origin and the demographic history of the HEV were also estimated. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 327 HEV sequences of swine and humans from Italy were downloaded from the national centre for biotechnology information. Three different data sets were constructed. The first and the second data set were used to confirm the genotype of the sequences analyzed. The third data set was used to estimate the mean evolutionary rate and to determine the time-scaled phylogeny and demographic history.
resultsThe Bayesian maximum clade credibility tree and the time of the most common recent ancestor estimates showed that the root of the tree dated back to the year 1907 (95% HPD: 1811 - 1975). Two main clades were found, divided into two subclades. Skyline plot analysis, performed separately for human and swine sequences, demonstrated the presence of a bottleneck only in the skyline plot from the swine sequences. Selective pressure analysis revealed only negatively selected sites.
conclusionsThis study provides support for the hypothesis that humans are probably infected after contact with swine sources. The findings emphasize the importance of checking the country of origin of swine and of improving sanitary control measures from the veterinary standpoint to prevent the spread of HEV infection in Italy.
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