ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2016
Synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene and graphene-related materials.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Recent Advances in Graphene Oxide-Based on Organoid Culture as Disease Model and Cell Behavior - A Systematic Literature Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Pooled it
- Nanoparticles in gynecologic cancers: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- In vitro bioactivity, cytotoxicity, and gene silencing of graphene oxide as a Bcl-2 siRNA carrier in osteosarcoma cells with in vivo inflammatory response.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- IR and Raman spectroscopy reveal amino acid-surface interactions on B- and N-doped hydroxylated graphene quantum dots: a DFT study.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Graphene Nanoplatelet-Embedded Urinary Catheters for Enhanced Photothermal Sterilization Against Bacterial Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Functional Nanomaterials for Advanced Bioelectrode Interfaces: Recent Advances in Disease Detection and Metabolic Monitoring.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Fluorinated Graphene-Coated N95 Respirators for Enhanced Protection Against Viral Accumulation and Transmission.Advanced engineering materials · 2025Article
- Exploring 2D Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications: A Theoretical Modeling Perspective.Small science · 2025Article
- Composites of Reduced Graphene Oxide Based on Silver Nanoparticles and Their Effect on Breast Cancer Stem Cells.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Review of Developments in Carbon-Based Nanocomposite Electrodes for Noninvasive Electroencephalography.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Innovative Micro- and Nano-Architectures in Biomedical Engineering for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications.Micromachines · 2025Review
- Graphene-Based Polymeric Microneedles for Biomedical Applications: A Comprehensive Review.ACS applied bio materials · 2025Review
- Guiding Cell Growth: Graphene-Patterned Polymeric Substrates for Enhanced Tissue Proliferation.Nanotechnology, science and applications · 2025Article
- Synergistic effects of thermally reduced graphene oxide/zinc oxide composite material on microbial infection for wound healing applications.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Advancements in employing two-dimensional nanomaterials for enhancing skin wound healing: a review of current practice.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Emerging 2D Nanomaterials-Integrated Hydrogels: Advancements in Designing Theragenerative Materials for Bone Regeneration and Disease Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Roles of Two-Dimensional Materials in Antibiofilm Applications: Recent Developments and Prospects.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Supramolecular dye nanoassemblies for advanced diagnostics and therapies.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2024Review
- Nanoarchitectonics and Biological Properties of Nanocomposite Thermosensitive Chitosan Hydrogels Obtained with the Use of Uridine 5'-Monophosphate Disodium Salt.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Graphene is a two-dimensional atomic crystal, and since its development it has been applied in many novel ways in both research and industry. Graphene possesses unique properties, and it has been used in many applications including sensors, batteries, fuel cells, supercapacitors, transistors, components of high-strength machinery, and display screens in mobile devices. In the past decade, the biomedical applications of graphene have attracted much interest. Graphene has been reported to have antibacterial, antiplatelet, and anticancer activities. Several salient features of graphene make it a potential candidate for biological and biomedical applications. The synthesis, toxicity, biocompatibility, and biomedical applications of graphene are fundamental issues that require thorough investigation in any kind of applications related to human welfare. Therefore, this review addresses the various methods available for the synthesis of graphene, with special reference to biological synthesis, and highlights the biological applications of graphene with a focus on cancer therapy, drug delivery, bio-imaging, and tissue engineering, together with a brief discussion of the challenges and future perspectives of graphene. We hope to provide a comprehensive review of the latest progress in research on graphene, from synthesis to applications.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.