ArticleJournal of neurophysiology2016
Differences in chloride gradients allow for three distinct types of synaptic modulation by endocannabinoids.
Article in Journal of neurophysiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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21 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circuit-constrained molecular neuroethology in the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2026Review
- Role of Concentration in Opposing Effects of Anandamide on Nociceptive Synapses versus Non-nociceptive Synapses.eNeuro · 2026Article
- Multiple Roles of Cannabinoids in the Olfactory System.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- From nociception in aneural animals to human suffering: toward a comparative biology of pain.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Review
- Injury alters sensory, motor, and integrative elements underlying operant conditioning in the medicinal leech.PloS one · 2025Article
- Characterization of a Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) in Hirudo Verbana.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Characterization of a Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH) in Hirudo verbana.Research square · 2024Article
- Repetitive nociceptive stimulation elicits complex behavioral changes in Hirudo: evidence of arousal and motivational adaptations.The Journal of experimental biology · 2023Article
- Heterosynaptic long-term potentiation of non-nociceptive synapses requires endocannabinoids, NMDARs, CamKII, and PKCζ.Journal of neurophysiology · 2023Article
- Serotonin mediates stress-like effects on responses to non-nociceptive stimuli in the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana.The Journal of experimental biology · 2022Article
- Approaches to studying injury-induced sensitization and the potential role of an endocannabinoid transmitter.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2022Article
- Activity-Dependent Modulation of Tonic GABA Currents by Endocannabinoids inFrontiers in synaptic neuroscience · 2022Article
- Characterization of a monoacylglycerol lipase in the medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana.Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & molecular biology · 2020Article
- Comparative studies of endocannabinoid modulation of pain.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2019Review
- Interaction between NMDA Receptor- and Endocannabinoid-Mediated Modulation of Nociceptive Synapses.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Are the persistent effects of "gate control" stimulation on nociception a form of generalization of habituation that is endocannabinoid-dependent?Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2018Article
- Effects of Touch Location and Intensity on Interneurons of the Leech Local Bend Network.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Endocannabinoid-mediated potentiation of nonnociceptive synapses contributes to behavioral sensitization.Journal of neurophysiology · 2018Article
- Article
- Endocannabinoids Have Opposing Effects On Behavioral Responses To Nociceptive And Non-nociceptive Stimuli.Scientific reports · 2017Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Endocannabinoids can elicit persistent depression of excitatory and inhibitory synapses, reducing or enhancing (disinhibiting) neural circuit output, respectively. In this study, we examined whether differences in Cl(-) gradients can regulate which synapses undergo endocannabinoid-mediated synaptic depression vs. disinhibition using the well-characterized central nervous system (CNS) of the medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana Exogenous application of endocannabinoids or capsaicin elicits potentiation of pressure (P) cell synapses and depression of both polymodal (Npoly) and mechanical (Nmech) nociceptive synapses. In P synapses, blocking Cl(-) export prevented endocannabinoid-mediated potentiation, consistent with a disinhibition process that has been indicated by previous experiments. In Nmech neurons, which are depolarized by GABA due to an elevated Cl(-) equilibrium potentials (ECl), endocannabinoid-mediated depression was prevented by blocking Cl(-) import, indicating that this decrease in synaptic signaling was due to depression of excitatory GABAergic input (disexcitation). Npoly neurons are also depolarized by GABA, but endocannabinoids elicit depression in these synapses directly and were only weakly affected by disruption of Cl(-) import. Consequently, the primary role of elevated ECl may be to protect Npoly synapses from disinhibition. All forms of endocannabinoid-mediated plasticity required activation of transient potential receptor vanilloid (TRPV) channels. Endocannabinoid/TRPV-dependent synaptic plasticity could also be elicited by distinct patterns of afferent stimulation with low-frequency stimulation (LFS) eliciting endocannabinoid-mediated depression of Npoly synapses and high-frequency stimulus (HFS) eliciting endocannabinoid-mediated potentiation of P synapses and depression of Nmech synapses. These findings demonstrate a critical role of differences in Cl(-) gradients between neurons in determining the sign, potentiation vs. depression, of synaptic modulation under normal physiological conditions.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.