ReviewNature reviews. Cardiology2016
Heart rate reduction in coronary artery disease and heart failure.
Review in Nature reviews. Cardiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of Ivabradine in Combination with Beta-Blockers in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in therapy · 2022Pooled it
- Is Heart Rate a Confounding Factor for Photoplethysmography Markers? A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Expert consensus document: A 'diamond' approach to personalized treatment of angina.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2018Guideline
- Effects of paraoxonase 1 gene polymorphisms on heart diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 64 case-control studies.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Personalized management of angina and heart failure in clinical practice in the Middle East: a narrative review.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Review
- Impact of Controlled Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate at Discharge on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Non-ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Maximum heart rate and mortality in sepsis patients: a retrospective cohort study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Adaptive physiology-informed correction for reliable remote photoplethysmography heart-rate monitoring.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Study on the correlation between ventricular arrhythmia and heart rate variability in patients with coronary heart disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Effect of oral l-carnitine on hepatic function in pediatric patients under repair of congenital cardiac defect.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Heart Rate Variability as a Predictor of Mortality in Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction precedes cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: 11-year follow-up in the ADDITION-PRO study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Berg Balance Scale score is a valuable predictor of all-cause mortality among acute decompensated heart failure patients.Journal of geriatric cardiology : JGC · 2025Article
- Cardiac muscle contracts more efficiently at lower contraction frequencies.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Single-Center Analysis of Soluble TREM2 as a Biomarker in Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of 24-hour heart rate fluctuations on mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: based on the MIMIC III database.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Chronic Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease: Pharmacological Treatment and Cardiac Rehabilitation.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Heart Failure Management in the Modern Era: A Comprehensive Review on Medical and Device-based Interventions.Current cardiology reviews · 2025Review
- Heart Rate Variability's Value in Predicting Out-of-Hospital Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2025Article
- Comprehensive Analysis Based on Genes Associated With Cuproptosis, Ferroptosis, and Pyroptosis for the Prediction of Diagnosis and Therapies in Coronary Artery Disease.Cardiovascular therapeutics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Elevated heart rate is known to induce myocardial ischaemia in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and heart rate reduction is a recognized strategy to prevent ischaemic episodes. In addition, clinical evidence shows that slowing the heart rate reduces the symptoms of angina by improving microcirculation and coronary flow. Elevated heart rate is an established risk factor for cardiovascular events in patients with CAD and in those with chronic heart failure (HF). Accordingly, reducing heart rate improves prognosis in patients with HF, as demonstrated in SHIFT. By contrast, data from SIGNIFY indicate that heart rate is not a modifiable risk factor in patients with CAD who do not also have HF. Heart rate is also an important determinant of cardiac arrhythmias; low heart rate can be associated with atrial fibrillation, and high heart rate after exercise can be associated with sudden cardiac death. In this Review, we critically assess these clinical findings, and propose hypotheses for the variable effect of heart rate reduction in cardiovascular disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.