ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology2016
Cerebral blood flow regulation in women across menstrual phase: differential contribution of cyclooxygenase to basal, hypoxic, and hypercapnic vascular tone.
Article in American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physiological influences on neurovascular coupling: A systematic review of multimodal imaging approaches and recommendations for future study designs.Experimental physiology · 2025Pooled it
- Nitric oxide synthase inhibition in healthy adults reduces regional and total cerebral macrovascular blood flow and microvascular perfusion.The Journal of physiology · 2021Trial
- Cerebrovascular and cognitive responses to bilateral simultaneous versus unilateral alternating quadriceps electrical muscle stimulation in healthy young men.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Physiological evaluation of the Calgary adapted aRm ergometer (CARE) concussion exertion test in adolescent athletes: A repeated-measures observational study.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Endocrine modulation of cortical and retinal baseline perfusion across the menstrual cycle.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Article
- Vascular health and exercise in females throughout the lifespan: Exploring puberty, pregnancy and menopause.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Cerebral blood velocity responses during and after sprint interval exercise in healthy young adults.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Brain strain: Blood flow and metabolism in environmental extremes.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Reduced cerebral blood flow does not alter concurrent or post-intervention inhibitory control: evidence from a 3-h head-down tilt protocol in healthy young adults.Experimental brain research · 2026Article
- Effect of intermittent normobaric hypoxia on executive functions assessed with different cognitive tests in healthy young subjects.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in gray matter, white matter, and regional brain perfusion in young, healthy adults.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity are modified by maturational stage and exercise training status during youth.Experimental physiology · 2023Article
- Hemoglobin and cerebral hypoxic vasodilation in humans: Evidence for nitric oxide-dependent andJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Article
- Association between serum prostacyclin and cerebrovascular reactivity in healthy young and older adults.Experimental physiology · 2023Article
- Thrombosis and bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination: do differences in sex matter?Blood transfusion = Trasfusione del sangue · 2023Review
- Steady-state cerebral blood flow and dynamic cerebral autoregulation during neck flexion and extension in seated healthy young adults.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- In vivo arterial stiffness, but not isolated artery endothelial function, varies with the mouse estrous cycle.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Article
- Menstrual cycle and oral contraceptives influence cerebrovascular dynamics during hypercapnia.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Cerebral autoregulation across the menstrual cycle in eumenorrheic women.Physiological reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In healthy young women, basal cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity may change across the menstrual cycle, but mechanisms remain untested. When compared with the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, we hypothesized women in late follicular phase would exhibit: 1) greater basal CBF, 2) greater hypercapnic increases in CBF, 3) greater hypoxic increases in CBF, and 4) increased cyclooxygenase (COX) signaling. We measured middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv, transcranial Doppler ultrasound) in 11 healthy women (23 ± 1 yr) during rest, hypoxia, and hypercapnia. Subjects completed four visits: two during the early follicular (∼day 3) and two during the late follicular (∼day 14) phases of the menstrual cycle, with and without COX inhibition (oral indomethacin). Isocapnic hypoxia elicited an SPO2 = 90% and SPO2 = 80% for 5 min each. Separately, hypercapnia increased end-tidal CO2 10 mmHg above baseline. Cerebral vascular conductance index (CVCi = MCAv/MABP·100, where MABP is mean arterial blood pressure) was calculated and a positive change reflected vasodilation (ΔCVCi). Basal CVCi was greater in the late follicular phase (P < 0.001). Indomethacin decreased basal CVCi (∼37%) and abolished the phase difference (P < 0.001). Hypoxic ΔCVCi was similar between phases and unaffected by indomethacin. Hypercapnic ΔCVCi was similar between phases, and indomethacin decreased hypercapnic ΔCVCi (∼68%; P < 0.001) similarly between phases. In summary, while neither hypercapnic nor hypoxic vasodilation is altered by menstrual phase, increased basal CBF in the late follicular phase is fully explained by a greater contribution of COX. These data provide new mechanistic insight into anterior CBF regulation across menstrual phases and contribute to our understanding of CBF regulation in women.
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