ArticlePloS one2016
Soluble Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Acute Hydrocephalus following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Adaptor Protein Myeloid Differentiation 88 (MyD88) in Post-Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Inflammation: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Biomarkers of inflammation - LBP and TLR- predict progression of knee osteoarthritis in the DOXY clinical trial.Osteoarthritis and cartilage · 2018Trial
- Temporal Profile of Soluble TLR4 and its Association with Intracerebral Haemorrhage Expansion.Translational stroke research · 2026Article
- Characterizing CSF inflammatory proteomics in pediatric post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus and Anti-NMDAR encephalitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Urine soluble TLR4 levels may contribute to predict urinary tract infection in children: the UTILISE Study.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- TLR4-Pathway-Associated Biomarkers in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH): Potential Targets for Future Anti-Inflammatory Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Potential Role of Soluble Toll-like Receptors 2 and 4 as Therapeutic Agents in Stroke and Brain Hemorrhage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Immune activation duringiScience · 2021Article
- Transcriptome Analysis of Microglia Reveals That the TLR2/IRF7 Signaling Axis Mediates Neuroinflammation After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- Toll-Like Receptors: General Molecular and Structural Biology.Journal of immunology research · 2021Review
- Systemic inflammation in hemorrhagic strokes - A novel neurological sign and therapeutic target?Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2019Review
- CSF Proteomics of Patients with Hydrocephalus and Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.Translational neuroscience · 2019Article
- Toll-like receptors and their soluble forms differ in the knee and thumb basal osteoarthritic joints.Acta orthopaedica · 2017Article
- Soluble TLR2 and 4 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in HIV/SIV-related neuropathological conditions.Journal of neurovirology · 2017Article
- Amino Acids in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: An Observational Study.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
- Increase of Soluble RAGE in Cerebrospinal Fluid following Subarachnoid Haemorrhage.BioMed research international · 2017Observational
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundToll-like receptor (TLR) signalling begins early in subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), and plays a key role in inflammation following cerebral aneurysm rupture. Available studies suggest significance of endogenous first-line blockers of a TLR pathway-soluble TLR2 and 4.
methodsEighteen patients with SAH and acute hydrocephalus underwent endovascular coiling and ventriculostomy; sTLR2 and 4 levels were assayed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected on post-SAH days 0-3, 5, and 10-12. Release kinetics were defined. CSF levels of sTLR2 and 4 were compared with a control group and correlated with the clinical status on admission, the findings on imaging, the degree of systemic inflammation and the outcome following treatment.
resultsNone of study group showed detectable levels of sTLR2 and 4 on post-SAH day 0-3. 13 patients showed increased levels in subsequent samples. In five SAH patients sTLR2 and 4 levels remained undetectable; no distinctive features of this group were found. On post-SAH day 5 the strongest correlation was found between sTLR2 level and haemoglobin level on admission (cc = -0.498, P = 0.037). On post-SAH day 10-12 the strongest correlation was revealed between sTLR2 and treatment outcome (cc = -0.501, P = 0.076). Remaining correlations with treatment outcome, status at admission, imaging findings and inflammatory markers on post-SAH day 5 and 10-12 were negligible or low (-0.5 ≤ cc ≤ 0.5).
conclusionsIn the majority of cases, rupture of a cerebral aneurysm leads to delayed release of soluble TLR forms into CSF. sTLR2 and 4 seem to have minor role in human post-SAH inflammation due to delayed release kinetics and low levels of these protein.
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