Trial reportDiabetes care2016
Prandial Options to Advance Basal Insulin Glargine Therapy: Testing Lixisenatide Plus Basal Insulin Versus Insulin Glulisine Either as Basal-Plus or Basal-Bolus in Type 2 Diabetes: The GetGoal Duo-2 Trial.
Trial report in Diabetes care, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT01768559. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized, Open-label, Active-controlled, 3-arm Parallel-group, 26-week Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Lixisenatide to That of Insulin Glulisine Once Daily and Insulin Glulisine Three Times Daily in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Insufficiently Controlled With Insulin Glargine With or Without Metformin
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 129 citations in OpenAlex.
- Addition of a single short-acting insulin bolus to basal insulin-supported oral therapy: a systematic review of data on the basal-plus regimen.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of lixisenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2017Pooled it
- De-intensification of basal-bolus therapy by replacing prandial insulin with once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide in individuals with well-controlled type 2 diabetes: A single-centre, open-label randomised trial (TRANSITION-T2D).Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Effect of once-weekly semaglutide versus thrice-daily insulin aspart, both as add-on to metformin and optimized insulin glargine treatment in participants with type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN 11): A randomized, open-label, multinational, phase 3b trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022 · on this mapTrial
- Comparisons of efficacy and safety in insulin glargine and lixisenatide plus glulisine combination therapy with multiple daily injection therapy in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2022Trial
- Benefit of insulin glargine/lixisenatide for reducing residual hyperglycaemia in Japan: Post hoc analysis of the LixiLan JP-O2 trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2021Trial
- Efficacy of once-daily glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist lixisenatide as an add-on treatment to basal insulin in Asian and white adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An individual-level pooled analysis of phase III studies.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2021Trial
- The Differential and Combined Action of Insulin Glargine and Lixisenatide on the Fasting and Postprandial Components of Glucose Control.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2021Trial
- Effect of medication adherence on clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes: analysis of the SIMPLE study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2019Trial
- Low incidence of gastrointestinal adverse events over time with a fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine and lixisenatide versus lixisenatide alone.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- Effect of exenatide QW or placebo, both added to titrated insulin glargine, in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes: The DURATION-7 randomized study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- Safety, tolerability and efficacy of lixisenatide in combination with oral antidiabetic treatment in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: An open-label, multicenter study.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2018Trial
- Impact of baseline glycated haemoglobin, diabetes duration and body mass index on clinical outcomes in the LixiLan-O trial testing a titratable fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine/lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) vs insulin glargine and lixisenatide monocomponents.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Incretin-based injectable strategies versus intensified insulin for treatment intensification and simplification in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide Compared with GLP-1 RAs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Basal Insulin: A Network Meta-analysis.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025Article
- Emerging Role of GLP-1 Agonists in Obesity: A Comprehensive Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A Comprehensive Review on Weight Loss Associated with Anti-Diabetic Medications.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- iGlarLixi versus basal plus Rapid-Acting insulin in adults with type 2 diabetes advancing from basal insulin therapy: The SoliSimplify Real-World study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Article
- Hypoglycaemia events with iGlarLixi versus premix biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) in people with type 2 diabetes advancing from basal insulin: An analysis of the SoliMix trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo provide evidence-based options on how to intensify basal insulin, we explored head-to-head prandial interventions in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on basal insulin glargine with or without 1-3 oral antidiabetic agents (OADs). RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsPatients were randomized to lixisenatide once daily or insulin glulisine given once or thrice daily, added to glargine, with or without metformin, if HbA1c remained ≥7 to ≤9% (≥53 to ≤75 mmol/mol) after 12 weeks of glargine optimization with OADs other than metformin stopped at the start of optimization. Coprimary end points at 26 weeks were 1) noninferiority (95% CI upper bound <0.4% [<4.4 mmol/mol]) in HbA1c reduction with lixisenatide versus glulisine once daily, and either 2a) noninferiority in HbA1c reduction for lixisenatide versus glulisine thrice daily or 2b) superiority in body weight change for lixisenatide versus glulisine thrice daily. Fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, composite efficacy/safety end points, and adverse events were also assessed.
resultsBaseline characteristics were similar between arms (n = 298, diabetes and basal insulin duration of 12.2 and 3.2 years, respectively; BMI 32.2 kg/m(2)). HbA1c improved from 8.5% to 7.9% (69 to 63 mmol/mol) with glargine optimization and further to 7.2%, 7.2%, and 7.0% (55, 55, and 53 mmol/mol) with lixisenatide and glulisine once daily and thrice daily, respectively; all coprimary end points were met. Symptomatic hypoglycemia and body weight were lower in lixisenatide versus glulisine patients. More gastrointestinal events occurred with lixisenatide.
conclusionsShort-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as add-on to basal insulin may become a preferred treatment intensification option, attaining meaningful glycemic targets with fewer hypoglycemic events without weight gain versus basal-plus or basal-bolus in uncontrolled basal insulin-treated type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.