ArticleScientific reports2016
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Granules Have no Phospholipids.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polyhydroxyalkanoate degradation in soils: mechanisms, controls, biological responses, and knowledge gaps.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Process optimisation for polyhydroxyalkanoates production with tailored hydroxyvalerate content from agri-food residues using mixed microbial cultures.Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts · 2026Article
- In silico elucidation of polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthesis pathways in Brevibacterium daeguense and Brevibacterium yomogidense.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Gene expression analysis reveals distinct PHB depolymerization mechanisms and broader involvement of the PHB cycle in Rhodospirillum rubrum growing on acetate and fructose.Microbial cell factories · 2026Article
- Mixed-culture polyhydroxyalkanoate production with variable hydroxyvalerate content from agri-food residues.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2026Article
- Phasins PhbP2 and PhbP3 Are Involved in the Depolymerization of Polyhydroxybutyrate in Azotobacter vinelandii.Journal of basic microbiology · 2025Article
- Cyanoglobule lipid droplets are a stress-responsive metabolic compartment of cyanobacteria and the progenitor of plant plastoglobules.The Plant cell · 2025Article
- Bacterial Organelles in Iron Physiology.Molecular microbiology · 2024Review
- Article
- The Absence of Phasins PhbP2 and PhbP3 inPolymers · 2024Article
- Single-cell multimodal imaging uncovers energy conversion pathways in biohybrids.Nature chemistry · 2023Article
- Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Protective Protein Aggregates in Bacteria.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Polyhydroxybutyrate Metabolism inPolymers · 2023Review
- Lipid production and cellular changes in Fremyella diplosiphon exposed to nanoscale zerovalent iron nanoparticles and ampicillin.Microbial cell factories · 2023Article
- Review of the Developments of Bacterial Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates (mcl-PHAs).Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Controllable secretion of multilayer vesicles driven by microbial polymer accumulation.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- In situ quantification of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and biomass in Cupriavidus necator by a fluorescence spectroscopic assay.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Article
- Post-Transcriptional Control in the Regulation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Cost-Effective Production of L-DOPA by Tyrosinase-Immobilized Polyhydroxyalkanoate Nanogranules in EngineeredMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) granules, also designated as carbonosomes, are supra-molecular complexes in prokaryotes consisting of a PHB polymer core and a surface layer of structural and functional proteins. The presence of suspected phospholipids in the surface layer is based on in vitro data of isolated PHB granules and is often shown in cartoons of the PHB granule structure in reviews on PHB metabolism. However, the in vivo presence of a phospholipid layer has never been demonstrated. We addressed this topic by the expression of fusion proteins of DsRed2EC and other fluorescent proteins with the phospholipid-binding domain (LactC2) of lactadherin in three model organisms. The fusion proteins specifically localized at the cell membrane of Ralstonia eutropha but did not co-localize with PHB granules. The same result was obtained for Pseudomonas putida, a species that accumulates another type of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) granules related to PHB. Notably, DsRed2EC-LactC2 expressed in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense was detected at the position of membrane-enclosed magnetosome chains and at the cytoplasmic membrane but not at PHB granules. In conclusion, the carbonosomes of representatives of α-proteobacteria, β-proteobacteria and γ-proteobacteria have no phospholipids in vivo and we postulate that the PHB/PHA granule surface layers in natural producers generally are free of phospholipids and consist of proteins only.
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