ArticleEpidemiology and health2016
Associations of smoking with overall obesity, and central obesity: a cross-sectional study from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2013).
Article in Epidemiology and health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Life Course Trajectories of Body Mass Index and Risk of Cancer in Adulthood: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2026Pooled it
- Associations between Meal Timing and Frequency and Obesity among Adults in Jeju, Republic of Korea.Preventive nutrition and food science · 2026Article
- Associations between smoking habits and weight-related behaviors among people who smoke in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The effectiveness of school-based obesity prevention interventions on the health behaviours of children aged 6-18 years: A secondary data analysis of a systematic review.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Review
- Tobacco smoking and the risk of eating behaviors and depression among Palestinian female university students.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- Association Between Renal Dysfunction and Lipid Ratios in Rural Black South Africans.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Associations of cigarette smoking with general and abdominal obesity risks among men in Taiwan.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring socio-demographic determinants of obesity in Jordanian women of reproductive age: insights from a nationwide survey.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Smoking, Obesity, and Post-Cessation Weight Gain: Neurobiological Intersection and Treatment Recommendations.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Review
- Effectiveness of a school-based physical activity intervention on overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Pakistan.PloS one · 2025Article
- Associations of cigarette use, e-cigarette use, and dual use, with nocturia and urge urinary incontinence in US adults.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Epidemiological Association of Current Smoking Status with Hypertension and Obesity among Adults Including the Elderly in Korea: Multivariate Analysis of a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study Excluding Grades 2-3 Hypertension Cases.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Article
- Sex differences in clinical risk factors in obese ischemic stroke patients with a history of smoking.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Article
- Investigating the interplay of smoking, cardiovascular risk factors, and overall cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES analysis 2011-2018.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2024Article
- Metabolic disturbances are risk factors for readmission to psychiatric hospitals in non-smokers but not in smokers: results from a Swiss psychiatric cohort and in first-episode psychosis patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Association between waist circumference or weight change after smoking cessation and incidence of cardiovascular disease or all-cause death in Korean adults with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Association between carotid intima media thickness and acute ischemic stroke at an Indonesian tertiary referral hospital.Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences · 2023Article
- Modifiable determinants of central obesity among the rural black population in the DIMAMO HDSS, Limpopo, South Africa.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- The Pathological Links between Adiposity and the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe association between smoking and obesity is a significant public health concern. Both are preventable risk factors of cardiovascular disease and a range of other conditions. However, despite numerous previous studies, no consensus has emerged regarding the effect of smoking on obesity. We therefore carried out a novel study evaluating the relationship between smoking and obesity.
methodsA total of 5,254 subjects aged 19 years or older drawn from the 2010-2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included in this cross-sectional study. Smoking was examined both in terms of smoking status and the quantity of cigarettes smoked by current smokers. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between smoking and obesity. Overall obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m(2), and central obesity was defined as a waist circumference ≥90 cm for males and ≥85 cm for females. We adjusted for the possible confounding effects of age, sex, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and the presence of hypertension or diabetes.
resultsA statistically significant difference in central obesity according to smoking status was identified. Current smokers were more likely to be centrally obese than never-smokers (adjusted odds ratio,1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.67). However, no significant association was found between smoking and obesity defined by BMI. Moreover, among current smokers, no statistically significant association was found between the daily amount of smoking and obesity or central obesity.
conclusionsSmoking was positively associated with central obesity. Current smokers should be acquainted that they may be more prone to central obesity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.