ReviewReviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders2016
The role of human parvovirus B19 and hepatitis C virus in the development of thyroid disorders.
Review in Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepatitis C virus infection and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2018Pooled it
- Biomarkers associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis induced by viral infection: An integrative bioinformatics and machine learning.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Article
- Bridging Microbiomes: Exploring Oral and Gut Microbiomes in Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases- New Insights and Therapeutic Frontiers.Gut microbes reports · 2025Review
- Human papillomavirus infection and vaccination with thyroid diseases: mechanistic links and immunological insights.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Influence of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases on Viral Pneumonia Development, Including COVID-19: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Low TSH and low T3 hormone levels as a prognostic for mortality in COVID-19 intensive care patients.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Crossroads between Skin and Endocrine Glands: The Interplay of Lichen Planus with Thyroid Anomalies.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Different Hepatitis C Virus Infection Statuses Show a Significant Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Network Meta-Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2020Review
- Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Cooccurrence of Oral Lichen Planus and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Review
- Low prevalence of symptomatic thyroid diseases and thyroid cancers in HIV-infected patients.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Chemokines in hyperthyroidism.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2019Review
- Correlation Between Oral Lichen Planus and Thyroid Disease in China: A Case-Control Study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Increased Requirement of Replacement Doses of Levothyroxine Caused by Liver Cirrhosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Infection Elicited Autoimmunity and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: An Explanatory Model.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Thyroid Autoimmunity and Lichen.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2017Review
- Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Myasthenia Gravis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2017Review
- A journey from brain to muscle across the thyroid continent.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The presence of viruses in the thyroid has been shown, but whether they are implicated in thyroid diseases or are only spectators is under investigation. The most important candidate viruses for autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD) are hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human parvovirus B19 (or Erythrovirus B19 or EVB19). Retrospective and prospective case-control studies conducted on pathology slides showed (by PCR, in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry) EVB19 was present in thyroid tissues of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AT), Graves' disease and thyroid cancer. Though AITD can be associated with acute EVB19 infection, it is not clear whether EVB19 could have a pathogenetic role in autoimmune thyroid diseases pathophysiology. Many studies have shown that frequently, patients with HCV chronic infection (CHC) show elevated serum anti-thyroperoxidase (TPOAb) and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies levels, ultrasonographic signs of chronic AT, and subclinical hypothyroidism. In patients with HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC + HCV), AITD were more prevalent with respect to controls, and also vs HCV patients without cryoglobulinemia. Papillary thyroid cancer was more prevalent in MC + HCV or CHC patients than in controls, especially in patients with AT. Recently it has been shown an elevated incidence of new cases of AT and thyroid dysfunction in MC patients. These results suggest an attentive monitoring of thyroid function and nodules in HCV patients with risk factors (female gender, a borderline high initial thyrotropin, TPOAb positivity, a hypoechoic and small thyroid) for the development of thyroid disorders.
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