ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2016
Palmitoylethanolamide for the treatment of pain: pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy.
Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 100 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Palmitoylethanolamide on Reducing Opioid Consumption for Postoperative Pain and Inflammation Following Below Knee Fracture Fixation: A Pilot Study.
Recovery Following a Prolonged Period of Intensified Exercise Training: Evaluating the Impact of Levagen+® on Alleviating Physical, Physiological and Psychological Stress.
Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 158 citations in OpenAlex.
- Palmitoylethanolamide supplementation partly modulates eccentric exercise-induced changes in the bioactive lipid profile of skeletal muscle tissue.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2026Trial
- A novel fasting mimetic (Mimio) creates fasting-like benefits to hunger control, oxidative stress, and cardiometabolic health in humans.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Probiotics and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) for osteoarthritic pain: individual effects in a multiple baseline design study.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2026Trial
- Evaluation of the Clinical Efficacy of a Novel Palmitoylethanolamide-Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- A randomized controlled trial assessing the safety and efficacy of palmitoylethanolamide for treating diabetic-related peripheral neuropathic pain.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Effectiveness of a nutraceutical agent in the non-surgical periodontal therapy: a randomized, controlled clinical trial.Clinical oral investigations · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Characterization of a mouse model to study mechanisms of hemophilia A pain.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Palmitoylethanolamide as an Intestinal Gatekeeper: Linking Inflammation, Angiogenesis and Colorectal Cancer Interception.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin in Brain Aging and Cognitive Decline: Biological Rationale and Current Evidence.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Homologous series of N-acylmelatonins: synthesis, biophysical studies, enhanced antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2026Article
- Advanced analytical approaches for endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-like substances: Applications in liver disease research.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Palmitoylethanolamide in Human and Animal Obesity.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Natural Molecules for Brain Health and Resilience.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide or Ibuprofen on the Abundance Profile and Synthesis Rate of Proteins in C2C12 Skeletal Myotubes.FASEB bioAdvances · 2026Article
- Article
- Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) regulates cell cycle progression and promotes an anti-inflammatory transcriptomic signature in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- A novel palmitoylethanolamide formulation improves hyperalgesia and red cell instability in murine sickle cell disease.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2026Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has been suggested to have useful analgesic properties and to be devoid of unwanted effects. Here, we have examined critically this contention, and discussed available data concerning the pharmacokinetics of PEA and its formulation. Sixteen clinical trials, six case reports/pilot studies and a meta-analysis of PEA as an analgesic have been published in the literature. For treatment times up to 49 days, the current clinical data argue against serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) at an incidence of 1/200 or greater. For treatment lasting more than 60 days, the number of patients is insufficient to rule out a frequency of ADRs of less than 1/100. The six published randomized clinical trials are of variable quality. Presentation of data without information on data spread and nonreporting of data at times other than the final measurement were among issues that were identified. Further, there are no head-to-head clinical comparisons of unmicronized vs. micronized formulations of PEA, and so evidence for superiority of one formulation over the other is currently lacking. Nevertheless, the available clinical data support the contention that PEA has analgesic actions and motivate further study of this compound, particularly with respect to head-to-head comparisons of unmicronized vs. micronized formulations of PEA and comparisons with currently recommended treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.