ArticleSeminars in arthritis and rheumatism2016
Racial disparities in the risk of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis as urate-lowering drug adverse events in the United States.
Article in Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Improving Recruitment Through Social Media and Web-Based Advertising to Evaluate the Genetic Risk and Long-Term Complications in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Community-Based Survey.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- A Working Framework to Address Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Undergraduate Medical Education.Medical science educator · 2024Article
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: Analysis of the Russian Database of Spontaneous Reports.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Comparison of visual diagnostic accuracy of dermatologists practicing in Germany in patients with light skin and skin of color.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Editorial: Stevens Johnson syndrome: past, present, and future directions.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): clinical presentation and outcomes in people of color.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2023Article
- Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Critically Ill African American Woman: A Case Report Written With ChatGPT Assistance.Cureus · 2023Article
- Article
- Sex difference in heart failure risk associated with febuxostat and allopurinol in gout patients.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- A Comprehensive Review ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Translational Pharmacogenomics: Discovery, Evidence Synthesis and Delivery of Race-Conscious Medicine.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2021Review
- Quantitative assessment of crystal dissolution in gout during urate-lowering therapy with computer-aided MicroPure imaging: a cohort study.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Allopurinol hepatotoxicity is associated with human leukocyte antigen Class I alleles.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2021Article
- Pharmacogenomics in Asian Subpopulations and Impacts on Commonly Prescribed Medications.Clinical and translational science · 2020Review
- Risk factors for cutaneous reactions to allopurinol in Kinh Vietnamese: results from a case-control study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2020Article
- Drug-Induced Liver Injury in GI Practice.Hepatology communications · 2020Review
- New Discoveries and Updates on Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions Presented at the 24th World Congress of Dermatology, Milan, Italy, 2019.Drug safety · 2020Article
- Heart disease and the risk of allopurinol-associated severe cutaneous adverse reactions: a general population-based cohort study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2019Article
- Genetic Basis of Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions to Drugs in Jewish and Arab Populations.Pharmaceutical research · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesHLA-B*5801 allele carriage (a strong determinant of allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome) varies substantially among races, which may lead to racial disparities in the risk of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in the context of urate-lowering drug adverse events (ULDAEs). We examined this hypothesis in a large, racially diverse, and generalizable setting.
methodsUsing a database representative of US hospitalizations (2009-2013), we investigated the racial distribution of hospitalized SJS/TEN (principal discharge diagnosis) as ULDAEs (ICD-9-CM Classification of External Causes). Our reference groups included the US Census population, US allopurinol users, and ULDAE hospitalizations without SJS/TEN.
resultsWe identified 606 cases hospitalized for SJS/TEN as ULDAEs (mean age = 68 years; 44% male), among which there was an overrepresentation of Asians (27%) and Blacks (26%), and an underrepresentation of Whites (29%) and Hispanics (% too-low-to-report), compared with the US Census population (5%, 12%, 67%, and 15%, respectively). The hospitalization rate ratios for SJS/TEN among Asians, Blacks, and Whites were 11.9, 5.0, and 1.0 (referent), respectively. These associations persisted using other national referents. According to the NHANES 2009-2012, allopurinol constituted 96.8% of urate-lowering drug use, followed by probenecid (2.1%).
conclusionsThese national data indicate that Asians and Blacks have a substantially higher risk of SJS/TEN as ULDAEs than Whites (or Hispanics), correlating well with corresponding frequencies of HLA-B*5801 in the US population (i.e., 7.4%, 4%, 1%, and 1%, respectively). Given its market dominance and established association with SJS/TEN, our findings support the use of vigilance in these minorities when considering allopurinol.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.